More strictly a abstract film maker than animator, but employed the “cameraless film making” technique of painting directly (using stencils and prints) on the film stock.
Initially worked closely with musician Joseph Schillinger. She used light and reflectioms of common objects as well as drawing. Her films were the first experimental animations widely shown - and played to millions in cinemas in the US.
1948 Hy Hirsh
Hollywood cameraman turned animator.
Used ocilloscopes to generate patterns for animation.
1949 John Whitney
First computer animator. Modified WW2 targetting computer into an animation plotter. Went on to become pioneer of computer graphics.
Sons John jr, Mark and Michael continued his work.