In general (as a FET proposal) much more specific and product centred than we have been discussing - seems like it is a subset of what we want to do, mostly specific to VPLs.
Important VPL features (”Simple things should be simple. Complex things should be possible.” -A. Kay)
Important editor features (“Things should be as simple as possible, but no simpler.” - A. Einstein)
Perhaps it's useful to minimise the distinction between language and IDE?
This is stuff which we haven't focused/elaborated on:
“One of the major reasons for the lack of adoption has been the scalability of visual programs, as there has been little (if any) successful work in scaling the well documented benefits achievable with small systems (on the level of 1000s of lines of C code), to systems on the scale of a kernel (Linux is approx. 2×10^6 lines of C) or an operating system (Redhat 7 is approx. 3×10^7 lines of text based code). While ‘lines of code’ is not necessarily an effective measure of a program (or system’s) complexity it does give an indication as to the relative scale of such code-bases.”
“For any language to be of general use currently (and in the future), it requires interfaces to enable interoperation with commonly used libraries and hardware in heterogeneous computer systems.”
“This design would incorporate ideas from existing, large scale networked software distribution projects, such as CPAN, (the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network), CTAN (for TeX), Debian (with over 100,000 software packages running on 11 architectures). While it is beyond the scope of the project to establish or administer such a network, it is a necessary step for future adoption of the language, so warrants some investigation. We anticipate that extending existing software would provide the required features.”
prototyping and design. Currently RAD (rapid application development) and RSP (rapid systems prototyping) tools are in use in every major industry and are becoming a more important part of the workflow.”
Spreadsheets → Programmable matter, use cases:
Reasons to reinvigorate qfwfq from a FoAM perspective.
As an approach to connecting diverse fields (biology, architecture, physics, media art) with some specific common problems:
Currently the approach to a solution is a myriad of domain specific tools, languages and environments - is there a way to design tools and practices that can cross these domains? The project needs at least two distant fields or application areas involved to prove this.
One approach is applying lessons learned in education, graphics and games design with visual programming and applying them in a more general way.
“the code literate of our society are mostly white men” … “code written today is not representative of our society” http://rarlindseysmash.com/index.php?n=1309736919
With the introduction of algorithms into every part of our lives, diversification of programming is an important goal in itself (in which this could be seen as a case study):
Alex says: I think we need to find more data on this, will have a look around. Looking at this news item hints at a general problem of non-engagement rather than of lack of diversity. Interest in computing subjects in the UK has plummetted: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11011564 – If you look at the gender disparity though you see that computing actually has above average gender equality, which surprised me. In bioinformatics I think programmers are mostly female, right? Perhaps the problem isn't so much diversity of programmers but of lack of programmers and lack of interest in computation in general. That said there is clearly lack of diversity in those who write programming languages, having strong lineage to brusque white men on military funds. So is it a problem for our project if we're all white men?
Our aims are to design a tool/language/environment that crosses disciplines by:
And will prove it with the evaluation of 2 (or more) use cases in diverse fields.
Alex says: I have a feeling that the aim of covering multiple levels of abstraction could be at odds with the aim of non-domain specificity. Are lower levels of abstraction necessarily domain specific?
Measurement of success by the use of workshops with individuals from the target fields. They could be given problems (perhaps outside of their field) to solve, initially studying ways in which their approaches differ - later applying the developed software/tool/process and studying the results.
Good bits:
Missing bits:
Why are we better placed to tackle this than CS or bioinformatics or architecture departments? Some way to present diversity as strength?
By 2020 computer interfaces will have become embedded into the human environment, following continued research and development in pervasive, ubiquitous and cyber-physical systems. Furthermore datasets will have continued to grow in size and complexity across fields of research and practice, surpassing the practical limits of current end-user programming tools such as tabular spreadsheets. These limits have already been broken in Biology, which has spawned the new field of Bioinformatics in reaction, and other fields are undergoing the same process of change (which ones? Digital Humanities? Computational Musicology? …).
Growing datasets allow greater insights, but only where practitioners take a computational approach, dealing with data at a higher level of abstraction than is currently conventional. In other words, practitioners need to become end-user programmers, working with data by describing higher order operations over them.
The opportunity lies then in developing novel end-user programming environments which take advantage of new modes of embodied HCI; environments designed for end-users outside of traditional computer science and software engineering contexts. To date embedded interfaces have largely been considered in terms of analog interactions; direct manipulation through tangible, touchscreen and gestural interfaces. However the present proposal is that new developments in interaction design may also be applied to higher order interactions, allowing professionals to deal better with upscaling of data complexity. Approaches to this have already been partially explored in the literature (cite the Self language, visual programming languages/tabletop interfaces), but await interaction technology which is already emerging.
This opportunity centres around the integration of formal programming languages with visuospatial perception, cognition and gesture. This may seem uncanny but is analogous to human modes of natural communication, for example the integration between prosodic and linguistic aspects of speech. (Cite cognitive linguistics, conceptual metaphor and dual coding theory)
The fundamental scientific problem to solve in order to implement the technology and get the benefits by 2020 lies in the mapping between the abstractions of formal language and the embodied interactions which emerging technologies provide. Some steps towards this goal are already well developed in object oriented and visual programming, but need to be extended and applied in the changing contexts of emerging technologies.
Our research questions are: How can linguistic interfaces be integrated with emerging, embodied modes of human-computer interaction? How can we apply these hybrid interfaces to create novel approaches to the design of environments for end user programmers? How can this benefit the cross-disciplinary requirement to understand and process large datasets?
The design of new environments for higher order interaction needs to be led by the needs of end user programmers from the start, through brainstorming and workflow analysis, leading to workshops and experiments to explore and evaluate the design prototypes which result. As part of this process, assumptions in the design of programming language environments need to be enumerated and reconsidered in the light of emerging technologies.
The needs of end user programmers differ strongly from the computer scientists and professional programmers who generally lead the design of programming languages. Escaping from established norms in software development, to establish a novel approach to the very different and changing requirements of end-user programming will therefore be a major challenge. By taking a scientifically rigorous and agile approach to the design, with close involvement of prospective end users, we offer a radical alternative to the lone visionary or massive crawling consensus approach to programming language design, towards radical, high impact ends.
There are risks in taking a cross-domain approach, as research into Visual Programming and Tangible Interfaces have previously only seen success in particular specialised domains. However the possibilities for finding commonalities in problems surrounding information processing across domains brings promise of huge returns.
Bioinformatics