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borrowed_scenery [2008-10-14 15:50] nikborrowed_scenery [2021-09-01 09:55] (current) – [jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery"] nik
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-==== borrowed scenery -   ==== +==== borrowed scenery - 借景 ==== 
  
-via: wikipedia & various sources (cf. [[wp>Borrowed_scenery]])+via: wikipedia & various sources (cf. [[wp>Borrowed_scenery]]). see also [[parn:garginz]] and http://fo.am/borrowed-scenery
  
 Shakkei (借景 C:jie jing, J:shakkei) was originally codified in the oldest extant Japanese garden manual, the Sakuteiki (作庭記, Sakuteiki "Records of Garden Making"). This text, which is attributed to Tachibana Toshitsuna (橘俊綱, 1028-1094 CE), a son of the Byodoin's designer Fujiwara no Yorimichi (藤原頼通, 990-1074 CE), records the Heian period’s attention to a concept called "mono no aware" (物の哀れ) "the pathos of things" Shakkei (借景 C:jie jing, J:shakkei) was originally codified in the oldest extant Japanese garden manual, the Sakuteiki (作庭記, Sakuteiki "Records of Garden Making"). This text, which is attributed to Tachibana Toshitsuna (橘俊綱, 1028-1094 CE), a son of the Byodoin's designer Fujiwara no Yorimichi (藤原頼通, 990-1074 CE), records the Heian period’s attention to a concept called "mono no aware" (物の哀れ) "the pathos of things"
  
-These four principle tenets guiding Japanese garden organization are,+==== Four principle tenets guiding Japanese garden organization ====
   * shotoku no sansui (生得の山水, shotoku no sansui "natural mountain river") intending to create in the likeness of nature   * shotoku no sansui (生得の山水, shotoku no sansui "natural mountain river") intending to create in the likeness of nature
   * kōhan no shitagau (湖畔に従う, kōhan no shitagau "follow the lakeshore") planning in accordance with the site topography   * kōhan no shitagau (湖畔に従う, kōhan no shitagau "follow the lakeshore") planning in accordance with the site topography
   * suchigaete (数値違えて, suchigaete "irregular numerical value") designing with asymmetrical elements    * suchigaete (数値違えて, suchigaete "irregular numerical value") designing with asymmetrical elements 
   * fuzei (風情, fuzei "feeling of wind") capturing and presenting the ambience   * fuzei (風情, fuzei "feeling of wind") capturing and presenting the ambience
 +
 +==== jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery" ====
  
 The Chinese counterpart of shakkei (借景) is jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery". According to the 1635 CE Chinese garden manual Yuanye (園冶), there are four categories of "borrowing", The Chinese counterpart of shakkei (借景) is jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery". According to the 1635 CE Chinese garden manual Yuanye (園冶), there are four categories of "borrowing",
-  * yuanjie (遠借 "distant borrowing", e.g., mountains, lakes) +  * 遠借 "distant borrowing", enshaku (jp) yuanjie (zh). e.g., mountains, lakes 
-  * linjie (隣借 "adjacent borrowing", neighboring buildings and features) +  * 隣借 "adjacent borrowing", rinshaku (jp) linjie (zh). neighboring buildings and features 
-  * yangjie (仰借 "upward borrowing", clouds, stars) +  * 仰借 "upward borrowing", gyōshaku (jp) yangjie (zh). clouds, stars 
-  * fujie (俯借 "downward borrowing", rocks, ponds); respectively Japanese enshakurinshaku, gyōshaku, and fushaku.+  * 俯借 "downward borrowing", fushaku (jp) fujie (zh). rocks, ponds.  
 + 
 +====Best known (still existingshakkei gardens in Japan==== 
 + 
 +Kyoto 
 +  * [[http://www.artofjpn.com/kyoto/entsuji.html | Entsuuji 円通寺 and Mt. Hiei 比叡]] 
 +  * [[http://www.japannet.de/kyoto/higashi/murinan.html | Murin'an 無隣庵 and Higashiyama 東山]] 
 + 
 +Nara 
 +  * [[http://www.oct.zaq.ne.jp/mukaitak/jikouin.htm | Jikouin 慈光院 and the Tomio 富雄 River]] 
 +  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isuien_Garden | Isuien 依水園 and the Great South GateNandaimon,南大門 at Todaiji 東大寺]] 
 + 
 +Kanagawa prefecture 
 +  * Koki'an 古稀庵 and Sagami 相模 Bay 
 + 
 +==== Penjing ==== 
 + 
 +Penjing (Chinese: 盆景; pinyin: pén jǐng; literally "tray scenery"> [[wp>Penjing]] 
 + 
 +Four guiding concepts: 
 +  * gugao – aloofness 
 +  * jianjie – sparseness 
 +  * ya – elegance 
 +  * pingdan - plainness 
 + 
 + 
 +------- 
 + 
 +for related thoughts in European context: see the [[reading notes]] for [[Archaeology of Natural Places]]
  
  
 [[project_groworld]] [[project_groworld]]
  
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  • Last modified: 2008-10-14 15:50
  • by nik