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--- alchorisma_reader [2018-11-12 11:05] – nik
+++ alchorisma_reader [2018-11-12 13:25] – maja
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 </blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+When our animal senses are all awake, our skin rippling with sensations as we palpate the surroundings with ears and eyes and flaring nostrils, it sometimes happens that our body becomes part of the larger Body of the land—that our sensate flesh is taken up within the wider Flesh of the breathing Earth—and so we begin to glimpse events unfolding at other locations within the broad Body of the land.
+The smartphone replicates something of this old, ancestral experience of earthly acumen that has long been central to our species: the sense of being situated over Here, while knowing what’s going on over There.
-**symmetry breaking** (algorithmic technique)
+Perhaps it is easier to understand, now, why we’re so enthralled by our digital technologies, such that once we’re online and synapsed to the screen, it’s remarkably difficult to tear ourselves away. For all these technologies awaken something primordial in us, a biophilic proclivity layered deep in our genome, a penchant for animate interchange with bodies whose shapes are very different from our own. The renewal of that age-old animistic sense of a world all alive, awake, and aware brings an upwelling of wonder, or at least an anticipation of a wondrous possibility waiting just around the corner.
-Definition: To differentiate parts of a structure, such as a graph, which locally look the same to all vertices. Usually implemented with randomization.
+-David Abram
-Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook, CRC Press LLC, 1999, "symmetry breaking", in Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [online], Vreda Pieterse and Paul E. Black, eds. 19 April 2004. (accessed TODAY) Available from: https://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/symmetrybrek.html
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+Charisma makes us hesitate, wavering in its force field. What if charisma were actual? What would the emission of such an energy field imply? It would imply, for a start, that art isn't just decorative candy. It would imply what "civilized" philosophy from Plato on has been afraid of, the fact that (shock horror) art has an effect on me over which I am not in control. Art is demonic: it emanates from some unseen (or even unseeable) beyond in the sense that I am not in charge of it and can't quite perceive it directly, in front of me, constantly present. A dangerous causative flickering: magic. Magic is taboo cause and effect, or unthinkable cause and effect: either ridiculous or dangerous or impossible, or some weird borrowed-kettle combination of all three. (...) Magic implies causality and illusion, and the intertwining of causality and illusion, otherwise known in Norse-derived languages as weirdness.
-**antichain** (definition)
+Appearance and essence are like two different "sides" of a Möbius strip, which are also the "same" side. A twisted loop is exactly what weird refers to, etymologically speaking. The minimal topology of a thing is the Möbius strip, a surface that veers all over, where a twist is everywhere. This is because the appearance of a thing is different from what it is—yet the appearance is inextricable from it. There is no obvious dotted line between what a thing is, a thing data. Attuning is like studying a Möbius strip.
-Definition: A subset of mutually incomparable elements in a poset (A set the elements of which are subject to a partial order)
+What art gives us, argues Kant, is the feel of data, the data-ness of data, otherwise known as givennes (datum, Latin for what is given). This data-feel is, he argues, an attunement space, the one place in the whole universe where mesmerizing hesitation can happen—a very important mesmerising hesitation, because it underwrites the existence of a priori synthetic judgement, because in this experience, I get a magical taste of something beyond my graspable experience, a transcendental beyond-ness...
+Attunement is the feeling of an object's power over me—I am being dragged by its tractor beam into its orbit.
-Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook, CRC Press LLC, 1999, "antichain", in Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [online], Vreda Pieterse and Paul E. Black, eds. 17 December 2004. (accessed TODAY) Available from: https://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/antichain.html
+-Tim Morton
+</blockquote>
+Algorithms
+<blockquote>
+symmetry breaking (algorithmic technique)  To differentiate parts of a structure, such as a graph, which locally look the same to all vertices. Usually implemented with randomization.
+https://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/symmetrybrek.html
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+antichain (definition) A subset of mutually incomparable elements in a poset.
+https://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/antichain.html
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+Bloom filter (data structure) A data structure with a probabilistic algorithm to quickly test membership in a large set using multiple hash functions into a single array of bits.
+https://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/bloomFilter.html
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+Simulated annealing (SA) is a probabilistic technique for approximating the global optimum of a given function. Specifically, it is a metaheuristic to approximate global optimization in a large search space for an optimization problem. It is often used when the search space is discrete (e.g., all tours that visit a given set of cities). For problems where finding an approximate global optimum is more important than finding a precise local optimum in a fixed amount of time, simulated annealing may be preferable to alternatives such as gradient descent.
+The name and inspiration come from annealing in metallurgy, a technique involving heating and controlled cooling of a material to increase the size of its crystals and reduce their defects. Both are attributes of the material that depend on its thermodynamic free energy. Heating and cooling the material affects both the temperature and the thermodynamic free energy. The simulation of annealing can be used to find an approximation of a global minimum for a function with a large number of variables"
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulated_annealing
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+Hydrological Cycle Algorithm (HCA) simulates nature’s hydrological water cycle. More specically, it involves a collection of water drops passing through different phases such as flow (runoff), evaporation, condensation, and precipitation to generate a solution. It can be considered as a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm for some parts of the cycle when a collection of water drops moves through the search space. But it can also be considered an evolutionary algorithm for other parts of the cycle when information is exchanged and shared. By using the full hydrological water cycle as a conceptual framework, we show that previous water-based algorithms have predominantly only used swarm-like aspects inspired by precipitation and flow. HCA, however, uses all four stages that will form a complete water-based approach to solving optimization problems effciently. In particular, we show that for certain problems HCA leads to improved performance and solution quality.
+https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3828420
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+The field of meta-heuristic search algorithms has a long history of finding inspiration in natural systems. Starting from classics such as Genetic Algorithms and Ant Colony Optimization, the last two decades have witnessed a fireworks-style explosion (pun intended) of natural (and sometimes supernatural) heuristics - from Birds and Bees to Zombies and Reincarnation.
+https://github.com/fcampelo/EC-Bestiary
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+So, image for a moment an object, a material, which can literally do anything. It can move across categorical boundaries with no difficulty whatsoever. So what do I mean? I mean that if you possess the philosopher's stone and you were hungry, you could eat it. If you needed to go somewhere you could spread it out and sit on it and it would take you there. If you needed a piece of information, it would become the equivalent of a computer screen and it would tell you things. If you needed a companion, it would talk to you. If you needed to take a shower you could hold it over your head and water would pour out. Now, you see, this is an impossibility. That's right, it's a coincidencia apositorum. It is something that behaves like imagination and matter without ever doing damage to the ontological status of one or the other. This sounds like pure pathology in the context of modern thinking because we expect things to stay still and be what they are and undergo the growth and degradation that is inimical to them, but no, the redemption of spirit and matter means the exteriorization of the human soul and the interiorization of the human body so that it is an image freely commanded in the imagination.
+—Terence McKenna, Lectures on Alchemy
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote>
+When you cook bread from a recipe, you’re following an algorithm. When you knit a sweater from a pattern, you’re following an algorithm. When you put a sharp edge on a piece of flint by executing a precise sequence of strikes with the end of an antler—a key step in making fine stone tools—you’re following an algorithm. Algorithms have been a part of human technology ever since the Stone Age.
+—Christian & Griffiths
+</blockquote>
 ----
 References
+  * Abram, David. Magic and the Machine
   * Amato, J. A. Dust: a history of the small and the invisible
   * Blohm, H., Beer, S. Suzuki, D. Pebbles to Computers: The Thread
@@ Line 117: / Line 181: @@
   * Cohen, J. Stories of Stone
   * Calvino, I. & McLaughlin, M. L. Collection of sand: essays
+  * Emergence Magazine Issue No. 3: Technology https://emergencemagazine.org/
   * Harris, P.A. Turner, R., Nocek, A.J. Rock Records, SubStance Volume 47, Number 2, 2018 (Issue 146)
   * Jemisin, N.K. The Broken Earth Trilogy
+  * Morton, Tim. Attune
   * Ogden, J. G. The Kingdom of Dust
   * Thacker, E. In the dust of this planet
   * NIST. Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures. https://www.nist.gov/dads/
+  * Sonic Acts. Living Earth
+  * Sonic Acts. The Geologic Imagination
+  * Brian Christian and Tom Griffiths. Algorithms to Live By: The Computer Science of Human Decisions