Show pageOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top You've loaded an old revision of the document! If you save it, you will create a new version with this data. Media Files==== borrowed scenery - 借景 ==== via: wikipedia & various sources (cf. [[wp>Borrowed_scenery]]) Shakkei (借景 C:jie jing, J:shakkei) was originally codified in the oldest extant Japanese garden manual, the Sakuteiki (作庭記, Sakuteiki "Records of Garden Making"). This text, which is attributed to Tachibana Toshitsuna (橘俊綱, 1028-1094 CE), a son of the Byodoin's designer Fujiwara no Yorimichi (藤原頼通, 990-1074 CE), records the Heian period’s attention to a concept called "mono no aware" (物の哀れ) "the pathos of things". These four principle tenets guiding Japanese garden organization are, * shotoku no sansui (生得の山水, shotoku no sansui "natural mountain river") intending to create in the likeness of nature * kōhan no shitagau (湖畔に従う, kōhan no shitagau "follow the lakeshore") planning in accordance with the site topography * suchigaete (数値違えて, suchigaete "irregular numerical value") designing with asymmetrical elements * fuzei (風情, fuzei "feeling of wind") capturing and presenting the ambience The Chinese counterpart of shakkei (借景) is jiejing (借景) "borrow/lend scenery". According to the 1635 CE Chinese garden manual Yuanye (園冶), there are four categories of "borrowing", * yuanjie (遠借 "distant borrowing", e.g., mountains, lakes) * linjie (隣借 "adjacent borrowing", neighboring buildings and features) * yangjie (仰借 "upward borrowing", clouds, stars) * fujie (俯借 "downward borrowing", rocks, ponds); respectively Japanese enshaku, rinshaku, gyōshaku, and fushaku. ==== Penjing ==== Penjing (Chinese: 盆景; pinyin: pén jǐng; literally "tray scenery"> [[wp>Penjing]] Four guiding concepts: * gugao – aloofness * jianjie – sparseness * ya – elegance * pingdan - plainness [[project_groworld]] Please fill all the letters into the box to prove you're human. Please keep this field empty: SavePreviewCancel Edit summary Note: By editing this page you agree to license your content under the following license: CC Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International borrowed_scenery.1224673049.txt.gz Last modified: 2008-10-22 10:57by nik