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edible_gardening [2008-10-14 15:22] – 94.108.195.154 | edible_gardening [2009-01-28 19:59] – 217.166.72.254 | ||
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••••• // | ••••• // | ||
* Based on guilds in permaculture | * Based on guilds in permaculture | ||
- | * the 7 layers | + | * the 7 layers: see [[plant_guilds]] |
* native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium. | * native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium. | ||
* biodiversity | * biodiversity | ||
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Companion plants for the apple tree: | Companion plants for the apple tree: | ||
- | *Chives - Allium Schoenoprasum | + | *Chives |
- | *Marigold - Tagetes (L.) - Africaantjes of Goudsbloem | + | *Marigold |
- | *Garlic, (aswell against caterpillars) | + | *Garlic (aswell against caterpillars) |
- | *Onion -ui | + | *Onion - Ui - Allium |
- | *Dill -dill: host predatory wasps and tastes great with apples raw or cooked) | + | *Dill -dille: host predatory wasps and tastes great with apples raw or cooked) |
- | *Horserasdish - Armoracia rusticana- Mierikswortel | + | *Horserasdish |
- | *Lemonbalm - Melissa officinalis | + | *Lemonbalm |
- | *Mustard – Sinapis – mosterd - | + | *Mustard – Mosterd - Sinapis – |
- | *nasturium | + | *Nasturium |
- | *Spinach, | + | *Spinach |
- | *Tansy -Tanacetum vulgaire- Boerenwormkruid, | + | *Tansy |
- | *Yarrow - Achillea (L.) – duizendblad | + | *Yarrow |
- | *Muurbloem - Wallflowers - Erysimum (L.) | + | *Wallflowers |
*Daffodils -Narcis - Narcissus (L.) | *Daffodils -Narcis - Narcissus (L.) | ||
- | *Rue -Wijnruit - Ruta graveolens | + | *Rue - Wijnruit - Ruta graveolens |
[★ it doesn’t go with potatoe] | [★ it doesn’t go with potatoe] | ||
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Its companion plants: | Its companion plants: | ||
- | * Chives - Allium Schoenoprasum | + | * Chives |
- | * Marigold - Tagetes (L.) - Africaantjes of Goudsbloem | + | * Marigold |
- | * garlic | + | * Garlic- Knoflook |
- | * Grapevine Druif | + | * Grapevine |
- | * Lemonbalm - Melissa officinalis | + | * Lemonbalm |
- | * nasturium | + | * Nasturium |
- | * Mustard | + | * Mustard |
- | * Spinach | + | * Spinach |
* Silverbeet - snijbiet | * Silverbeet - snijbiet | ||
- | * Tansy - Tanacetum vulgaire- | + | * Tansy - Boerenwormkruid |
- | * Yarrow - Achillea (L.) – Duizendblad | + | * Yarrow |
- | * Comfrey - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum | + | * Comfrey - Smeerwortel - Symphytum |
- | * Clover | + | * Clover |
* Cat-mints - Kattekruid - Nepeta: (groundover - Flora) | * Cat-mints - Kattekruid - Nepeta: (groundover - Flora) | ||
// | // | ||
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7,5% Inkarnaatklaver - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum | 7,5% Inkarnaatklaver - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum | ||
5% Perzische Klaver - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum | 5% Perzische Klaver - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum | ||
- | 2,5% Rode Klaver - Red Clover- Trifolium pratense | + | 2,5% Rode Klaver - Red Clover - Trifolium pratense |
- | 10% Lucerne Klaver – Alfalfa -Medicago sativa | + | 10% Lucerne Klaver – Alfalfa - Medicago sativa |
25% Wikken – Vetches - Vicia (L.) | 25% Wikken – Vetches - Vicia (L.) | ||
10% Bijenmengsel - beemixture | 10% Bijenmengsel - beemixture | ||
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Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic, | Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic, | ||
the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys. | the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys. | ||
- | It’s a general insecticide, | + | It’s a general insecticide, |
+ | |||
+ | more on [[luminous: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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***Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) | ***Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) | ||
***Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers | ***Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers | ||
- | ***Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tro[aeolum | + | ***Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum |
***Pea** - Erw – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer | ***Pea** - Erw – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer | ||
***Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds) | ***Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds) | ||
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// in progress...// | // in progress...// | ||
Early flowering shrubs (currant) that attract insects and later on berries that attract insects and birds - our natural allies in pest control. | Early flowering shrubs (currant) that attract insects and later on berries that attract insects and birds - our natural allies in pest control. | ||
- | -bessen – all kind of berries | + | |
- | Strawberry - Aardbei | + | |
- | Kruisbes | + | |
- | Rode bes - VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA | + | ***Rode bes** - vaccinium vitis idaea - |
- | Witte bes | + | ***Witte bes** |
- | Zwarte bes | + | ***Zwarte bes** |
- | Mispel | + | |
- | Kwee | + | |
- | **Blueberry** - Bosbes - Vaccinium (L.: | + | ***Blueberry** - Bosbes - Vaccinium (L.: |
- | -**Brambles** - Braam- - Rubus fruticosus | + | ***Brambles** - Braam- - Rubus fruticosus |
- | -**Raspberry** - frambozen - Rubus idaeus | + | ***Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and egelantier roos - rosa rubiginosa or Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, |
- | -**Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and egelantier roos - rosa rubiginosa or Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, | + | |
+ | more see [[luminous: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
. | . | ||
- | ====== Green manures / Groenbemesters ====== | + | ====== Green manures |
+ | |||
+ | Cover crops act as a living mulch: to build and hold soil and to smother weeds. They range from long-growing perennials to short-term green manures meant to be slashed in place (mulch). Their leaves shield to soil from hammering rains and sun, and carpet the carpet the earth in fall with nutritious, humus building litter. Their roots drive deep into the soil, loosening the earth, drawing up nutrients, and placing organic matter deep in the ground. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The more varied covercrops (5- 10 species of which 60% are nitrogen-fixing crops) we plant: the more diversity in the soil’s life; this will subdue disease and can serve multiple functions: it can build humus, add nitrogen, mine minerals, bust up heavy soil and attract a wide array of helpfull insects. | ||
+ | |||
+ | There are old farm texts that list more then 15 varieties in their cover crops including | ||
+ | 4 grass species – (grasses add carbon and build structure in the soil) | ||
+ | , five clovers, Yarrow, | ||
- | Plants which will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds, it makes sure that nutrients especially nitraatstiksof don’t get washed away Some green manures can bring food to the ground in the form of nitrogen (especially the vlinderbloemigen), | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | === Nitrogin | + | === Nitrogin-fixing crops / Stikstofbindende planten === |
- | they all improve the soil by adding suitable nitrogen. | + | |
- | ***Herbs** | + | |
- | ***Pea Family** see underneath | + | |
- | ***Weeds** | + | |
- | ***Legumes** legumes (peulvruchten - bonen)can fix nitrogin from the air and therefor they are very good greenmanures and for producing compost. Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also function as a sacrificial plants. For interesting species see ' | + | |
- | ---- | + | When building soil or feeding hungry plants, go heavy on nitrogen fixers. |
+ | Nitrogin fixers come in all sizes from clover to shrubs, to trees such as black locust, alder, and acacia. | ||
+ | Many **legumes**, | ||
+ | Experts both modern and ancient recommend that legumes should be mulched (slashed and leave it at the spot) before the seeds set, because the plant drains nitrogen from stem and leaves at maturity and concentrates in the seeds. | ||
+ | A to rich nitrogen fuel can actually deplete more organic matter than the cover crops adds. | ||
+ | So its best to balans out the covercrops with 10% to 40 % non nitrogen-fixing plants. | ||
+ | All members of the Pea family (legumes)/ Fabacea / Vlinderbloemigen - are nitrogen-fixers and | ||
+ | besides they all have a taproot to penetrate deep into the ground. | ||
+ | |||
+ | You can sow legumes seeds all year round. | ||
+ | For specific legumes species see ‘Vegetables’ | ||
+ | |||
+ | All clovers are great nitrogen fixers, attract beneficial insect, act as a mulch and provide trace minerals. They can be hacked down early in spring and in the mid till late summer: | ||
+ | *** Berseem Clover** – Alexandrijnze klaver - Trifolium alexandrinum (L.), (annual) | ||
+ | ***Crimson Clover** - Inkarnaatklaver - Trifolium incarnatum | ||
+ | ***Red Kenland Clover** - Rode klaver - Trifolium pratense – edible and perennial and native (good for crop rotation), | ||
+ | ***White Dutch Clover** - Witte klaver – Trifolium repens (perennial and native and edible) | ||
+ | ***Strawberry clover** - Aardbeiklaver – frifolium tragiferum – native and perennia1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ***Blue Lupin** -Blauwe Lupinen | ||
+ | ***Vetch** - Wikke - Vicia – (annual) provide trace minerals, mulch and nitrogen, also usefull for insects, its a climber best to mix it with for instance: haver of rogge, lupine en phacelia) | ||
+ | ***Luzerne** -Alfalfa - Medicago sativa - you can try aswell, they have a long taproot with which they can penetrate deep down in the ground to get minerals, which otherwise are not accesable for other plants, they love dry, fertile and a calcareous [kalkrijke] grounds - (perennial, edible ) | ||
+ | ***Fenugreek** - Fenegriek - trigonella foenumgraecum – opens heavy soils (edible) (annual) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [dont use the plants above before or after farming legumes because it amplifys the forming of moulds.] | ||
- | === Pea family / Vlinderbloemigen === | ||
- | members of the Pea family do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the underground and they can fix nitrogen from the air and give this slowly to the ground. [niet gebruiken bij voor of na teelt an vlinderbloemigen ivm versterking van schimmels.] | ||
- | Vele vlinderbloemige are Clover, all clovers are great nitrogen fixers, atract beneficial insects and act as a mulch and provide trace minerals. They can be hacked down early in spring and in the mid till late summer: | ||
- | ***Egyptian Clover** - Alexandrijnse klaver - Trifolium alexandrinum | ||
- | ***Italian Clover** - Inkarnaatklaver - Trifolium incarnatum | ||
- | ***Red clover** - Rode klaver - Trifolium pratense – edable (goede teeltwisselaar), | ||
- | *Witte klaver (het ras rector is zeer geschikt), | ||
- | ***Blue Lupin** - Blauwe Lupinen - Lupinus angustifolius | ||
- | ***Vetch** - Wikke -Vicia: provide trace minerals, mulch and nitrogen, also usefull for insect, its a climber best to mix it with for instance: haver of rogge, | ||
- | ***Alfalfa** - Luzerne - - Medicago sativa - you can try aswell, they can penetrate deep down in the ground to get minerals, which otherwise are not accesable | ||
If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years. | If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years. | ||
- | ---- | ||
+ | Make sure you don’t have allopathic (die het tegeover gewilde effect bewerkstelligen) plants (plants that release toxins to nihilist the growth of neary plants) | like the Jerusalem Artichoke | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
=== Cabbage Family / | === Cabbage Family / | ||
- | Its from the same familie of the cabbages – [so dont plant before or after cabbages– because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind cant be broken down, but will be intensified] | + | |
- | ***White Mustard** -Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.) en | + | ***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.): Annual, have extensive roots that punch through hard subsoil, aerating the earth and adding humus as the roots die, attracts insects |
- | ***Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus | + | ***Mustard** – Mosterd - Brassica spp- : (annual) |
- | ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera | + | ***Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus |
+ | ***Radish** - Radijs/ | ||
+ | ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera ((DC.) Metzg.) | ||
+ | ***Knopherik** – Wild radish - Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora) | ||
***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ||
+ | ***Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) | ||
+ | ***Turnip, Rabe** – Koolzaad/ | ||
+ | *** Gold of Pea** – Huttentut (of boterzaad) - Camelina sativa (annual - edible heeft Flora) | ||
+ | |||
+ | [dont use the plants above before or after farming cabbages because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind cant be broken down, but will be intensified] | ||
---- | ---- | ||
+ | === Groundcovers acting as living mulch ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Quick spreading plants will make a continuous living mulch: everytime you chop them down and leave the residu at its place: it will feed the ground. | ||
+ | ***Wild strawberrie ** - Bosaardbei | ||
+ | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, they produce much biomass. (they can be hacked down 5 times a year, provide trace minerals | ||
+ | ***Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. | ||
+ | ***Lungwort** - Longkruid - Pulmonaria is de beste bodembedekker voor vochtige schaduw. | ||
+ | ***Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf | ||
+ | ***Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
=== Other green manures === | === Other green manures === | ||
- | ***Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – | + | ***Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – vorstgevoelig- trekt bijen aan – levert zeer goede humus, en is tevens een bodemonstsmetter. |
- | vorstgevoelig- trekt bijen aan – levert zeer goede humus, en is tevens een bodemonstsmetter. | + | |
***Spurreys** - Spurrie | ***Spurreys** - Spurrie | ||
***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis | ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis | ||
- | ***Wild radish** - Knopherik – Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora) | ||
***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met Boekweit | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met Boekweit | ||
- | ***Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: | + | ***Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: |
***Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium | ***Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium | ||
- | ***Rape** - Knolraap -Brassica napus (L.) | ||
- | -mosterdzaad | ||
- | ====== Grounddisinfectors / | ||
- | |||
- | ***Tagetes** - Africaantjes: | ||
- | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis: | ||
- | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber | ||
- | ====== Groundcovers acting as living mulch ====== | ||
- | |||
- | Quick spreading plants will make a continuous living mulch. | ||
- | ***Wild strawberrie ** - Bosaardbei | ||
- | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, and they produce much biomass. (they can be hacked down 5 times a year), provide trace minerals, | ||
- | ***Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. | ||
- | ***Lungwort** - Longkruid - Pulmonaria is de beste bodembedekker voor vochtige schaduw. | ||
- | ***Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf | ||
- | ***Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.) | ||
- | Make sure you don’t have allopathic | + | ---- |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | . | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== Nutrient Accumulators ====== | ||
+ | ***Yarrow** - Duizendblad - Achillea | ||
+ | ***Chamomile** - Kamille echte - Matricaria recutita | ||
+ | ***Fennel** | ||
+ | ***Chirory** -(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus | ||
+ | ***Dandelions** Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | |||
+ | *and many more... | ||
+ | |||
+ | Most of these plants | ||
+ | succession is the progression from bare earth to short annual weeds to perennials. | ||
+ | |||
+ | One can intercrop nutrient accumulaors in between one's crops or cover bare aerth for two years with nutrient acuumulotots before planting fruittrees etc. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== Pestcontrollers/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Some plants secrete compounds that repel a few specific pests in the soil or above. Examples are | ||
+ | ***Tagetes** - Africaantjes: | ||
+ | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem - Calendula officinalis: | ||
+ | ***Wild marigold** - Tagetes minuta: repels soil nematodes | ||
+ | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): it deters white flies for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber | ||
+ | ***Elderberry** - Vlier – Sambucus | ||
+ | |||
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | . | ||
====== Roots ====== | ====== Roots ====== | ||
The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | ||
- | all members of Pea family / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground | + | ***all members of Pea family** / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground. |
+ | ***All Rootvegetables** are aswell usefull. | ||
+ | |||
+ | when soil is compacted or clayey, plants are excellent tools to restore tilth and fluffiness. | ||
+ | Species with deep, soil busting taproots are perfelt for the job. These include: | ||
+ | ***Daikon**- Rettich - Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus | ||
+ | ***Chirory**-(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus | ||
+ | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp) | ||
+ | ***Artichoke** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized | ||
+ | ***Dandelion** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Others don’t have a single taproot but instead thrust a massive, fibrous rootsystem deep into the erath to accomplish the same soil loosening: | ||
+ | ***Mustard** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra | ||
+ | ***Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) | ||
+ | ***Alfafa** - Luzerne - Medicago (also a good nitrogen fixer) | ||
+ | |||
+ | You can use these plants either of two strategies; sow them into afuture orchard or garden to work a year of two before the final planting or intercrop them among beds or under trees to continually break up the soil. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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***Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi; tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm | ***Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi; tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm | ||
***Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual | ***Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual | ||
- | ***Dille** -Anethum graveolens; annual; yellow, 60-120 cm | + | ***Dille** |
***Borage** - Bernagie | ***Borage** - Bernagie | ||
***Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) | ***Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) | ||
- | ***Poppy** - Klaproos - papaver | + | ***Poppy** - Klaproos - Papaver |
***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis | ||
***Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) | ***Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) | ||
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//all sort of clover attract bees and these are edable:// | //all sort of clover attract bees and these are edable:// | ||
***Red clover** - Rode klaver | ***Red clover** - Rode klaver | ||
- | *** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: | + | *** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: |
---- | ---- | ||
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***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.): (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... | ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.): (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... | ||
***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) | ||
- | ***Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – | + | ***Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) |
***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | ||
***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) | ***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) | ||
- | ***Marjoram** - Marjolein (wilde) -Origanum vulgare | + | ***Marjoram?Oregano** - Marjolein (wilde/ |
***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd | ***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd | ||
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=== And some more edable | === And some more edable | ||
source: http:// | source: http:// | ||
- | ***Yarrows** - duizendblad- - Achillea millefolium, | + | ***Yarrows** - Duizendblad- - Achillea millefolium, |
- | ***Anise Hyssop** -dropplant | + | ***Anise Hyssop** -Dropplant |
- | ***Carpetweed** - Zenegroen -Ajuga reptans | + | ***Carpetweed** - Zenegroen - Ajuga reptans |
***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | ||
- | ***Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid -Echium russicum: | + | ***Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid - Echium russicum: |
- | ***Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart -Lythrum salicaria- | + | ***Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart - Lythrum salicaria- |
***Cat-mints** - Kattekruid | ***Cat-mints** - Kattekruid | ||
- | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - gulden | + | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - Gulden |
***Burnets** - Pimpernel – -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor | ***Burnets** - Pimpernel – -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor | ||
***Scabiouses** - Duifkruid - - Chenopodium botrys: | ***Scabiouses** - Duifkruid - - Chenopodium botrys: | ||
Line 382: | Line 457: | ||
=== Self seeding Annuals === | === Self seeding Annuals === | ||
- | Tuinkers, | + | ***Tuinkers** |
- | Italiaanse Raket | + | ***Italiaanse Raket** |
- | Self seeding annual climbers veg. see: climbers | + | ***Self seeding annual climbers** veg. see: |
- | ---- | + | |
+ | ***Chard** | ||
+ | ***Red mustard** | ||
+ | | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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=== Perennial vegetables === | === Perennial vegetables === | ||
+ | A perennial food garden can contain a wide variety of crops, and you can have a very low maintanance. | ||
some of them `I still have to research... | some of them `I still have to research... | ||
- | *Aspergus | + | ***Asparagus**, |
- | ***Chard, Beetroot** | + | ***Chard, Beetroot** |
- | ***Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten) | + | ***Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten most problably they are self seeding) |
***Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) | ***Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) | ||
- | ***Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde): (flora) | + | ***Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde)- Spinacia oleracea: (flora) |
***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) | ||
+ | ***Lovage** - Lavas or Maggiplant - Levisticum officinale; (also used as veg.) perennial (schermbloemigen familie) | ||
***Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia | ***Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia | ||
- | ***Rabarber**, Rhubarb | + | ***Rhubarb** - Rabarber - Rheum rhabarbarum(perennial) |
- | ***Rode Spruitjes ** | + | ***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig |
- | ***Venkel | + | |
***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) | ***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) | ||
- | ***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.). | + | ***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) |
+ | ***Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse | ||
+ | |||
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Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost. | Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost. | ||
Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants. | Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants. | ||
- | ** | + | ***Wintertuinbonen** (vergeten eten) |
- | Wintertuinbonen, Aguadulce, Malse peulen Carouby de Maussane, | + | ***Aguadulce** - Malse peulen |
- | Wonderboontjes Merveille de Paris, Knoebelbuenke, Boerentenen, Europese | + | ***Wonderboontjes** Merveille de Paris (vergeten eten) |
- | Sojabonen, Peulen Corne de Belier, Paarse Spekbonen, Heilig Boontje, (all from vergeten eten) or | + | ***Knoebelbuenke** (vergeten eten) |
- | De tuinboon - (Vicia faba), sperzie boneen, snijbonen, bruine bonen, doperwten, groene erwten, Hokjespeul** -Astragalus glycyphyllos: | + | ***Boerentenen** (vergeten eten) |
+ | *** Europese | ||
+ | ***Peulen Corne de Belier** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Paarse Spekbonen** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Heilig Boontje**, (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***De tuinboon** - (Vicia faba) | ||
+ | ***sperzie boneen** | ||
+ | ***snijbonen** | ||
+ | ***bruine bonen** | ||
+ | ***doperwten** | ||
+ | ***groene erwten** | ||
+ | ***Fava bean** - Tuinboon – Vicia faba (annual) | ||
+ | ***Pea** - Pisum sativum – Erwt (annual) | ||
+ | ***Scarlet Running Beans** - Phaseolus coccineus – Pronkboon (vlinderbloemige familie) can they handle our winters..(perennial) | ||
+ | ***Groundplum Milkvetch** - Hokjes peul - Astragalus Crassicarpus or Astragalus glycyphyllos: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family / | Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family / | ||
- | ***Green | + | ***Green |
***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera | ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera | ||
***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ||
- | ***Winterbroccoli | + | ***Winterbroccoli** (vergeten eten) |
+ | ***Nine star-broccoli** must be picked before it set seeds or it may die but its a perennial | ||
+ | ***White Sprouting** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Victoriaanse Kool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Wittekool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Brunswijker Platte Kortpoot** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Spruitjes ‘Groninger Stiekema’** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Rode Spruitjes** (perennial) | ||
+ | ***Sea Kale** - Zeekool | ||
+ | ***Palmkool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Slobber- of Smeltkool (Bloemendaalse Gele)**; (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Brassica oleracea** – broccoli – kruisbloemfamielei (perennial) | ||
+ | |||
---- | ---- | ||
- | |||
=== Salads === | === Salads === | ||
- | **Bataviasla, Aardbeispinazie (Flora), Italiaanse roodlof, Winterpostelein, | + | ***Bataviasla** |
- | + | ***Aardbeispinazie** (Flora) | |
- | ---- | + | ***Italiaanse roodlof** |
+ | ***Barbarakruid** (Flora), | ||
+ | ***Bloedrood Bietjesblad** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Bruinrode Jaarrondsla** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | ***Romaanse sla** | ||
+ | ***Veldsla** -Cornalad - Valerianella (Mill.){locusta} reseeds itself (Flora) | ||
+ | ***Buckler-Leaved Sorrel**, Rumex acetosa, -Rucola, | ||
+ | ***Rocket** - Turkish | ||
+ | ***Bonenkruid** - Winter Savory –- Satureja (L.) (flora) | ||
+ | ***Kardoen (distel)** – Cardoon - Cynara cardunculus (Flora) | ||
+ | ***Good-King-Henry** – Brave hendrik | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | ***Veldzuring** | ||
+ | ***Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** | ||
+ | | ||
+ | ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | ***Myrrhis odorata** | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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=== Roots and Tubers (knollen) === | === Roots and Tubers (knollen) === | ||
+ | By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, some species can be perennialized. | ||
+ | |||
Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | ||
Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | ||
- | ***Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) | + | ***Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) (van vergeten eten) |
***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** | ***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** | ||
***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** | ***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** | ||
- | ***Artichokes - Jerusalem and Chinese** - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! | + | ***Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! |
***Carrots**: | ***Carrots**: | ||
***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
- | ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit, Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais | + | ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit/Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais; can be perennialized |
***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) | ***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) | ||
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***Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) | ***Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) | ||
***Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel, | ***Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel, | ||
- | *Milaanse raapjes (witte roodkop) (vergeten eten | + | |
- | *Raapjes Teltower (vergeten eten) | + | |
- | *Witte raapjes (vergeten eten) | + | |
- | *Friese Knossen (koolraap) (vergeten eten) | + | |
+ | ***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - taste delicious) | ||
+ | ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus; | ||
+ | ***Horseradish** - Mierikswortel - Armoracia rusticana | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | === Bulbs & Onion family | + | |
- | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. one can use for instance: | + | |
+ | === Bulbs & Onion family === | ||
+ | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Leeks for instance | ||
***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | ***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | ||
***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | ***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | ||
- | ***Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin) | + | ***Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin)- Allium cepa ' |
***Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | ***Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | ||
- | ***Garlic** | + | ***Garlic**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized |
+ | ***Shalots**; | ||
+ | |||
---- | ---- | ||
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herbs with “long taproot” can absorp unavailable nutriënts and when you cut them down they provide these nutriënts to the guild. | herbs with “long taproot” can absorp unavailable nutriënts and when you cut them down they provide these nutriënts to the guild. | ||
- | source: | + | source: |
- | - permacultuurnederland.org/ | + | |
- | -www.self-willed-land.org.uk/ | + | |
- | -all avialable at Flora; www,wildebertram.nl | + | |
- | ***Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - perennial | + | ***Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - (perennial) |
***Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare: | ***Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare: | ||
***Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei - - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker | ***Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei - - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker | ||
***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: | ***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: | ||
- | ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus (also used asa root veg.) | ||
***Yarrows** - Duizendblad – - Achillea millefolium: | ***Yarrows** - Duizendblad – - Achillea millefolium: | ||
***Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: | ***Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: | ||
Line 524: | Line 654: | ||
***Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa | ***Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa | ||
***Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium | ***Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium | ||
- | ***Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) | ||
***Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra | ***Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra | ||
- | ***Mosterd Inheems**e | + | ***Mosterd Inheems** |
- | ***Lovage** - Lavas - Levisticum officinale (also used as veg.) perennial | + | |
***Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia | ***Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia | ||
***Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata | ***Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata | ||
***Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare | ***Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare | ||
***Milk Thistle** | ***Milk Thistle** | ||
- | ***Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare | + | ***Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare |
***Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea | ***Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea | ||
***Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper | ***Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper | ||
***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: | ***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: | ||
***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) | ***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) | ||
- | ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale; (also used as veg.) | ||
***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) | ***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) | ||
*** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial | *** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial | ||
- | ***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten) | ||
***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: | ***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: | ||
***Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita | ***Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita | ||
- | | + | ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis |
- | | + | |
***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial | ||
- | ***Stinkende Gouwe** - Chelidonium majus | + | ***Stinkende Gouwe** |
***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum | ***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum | ||
- | ***Myrrhis odorata** | ||
- | ***Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - - Rumex acetosa (used as veg) | ||
***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis | ***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis | ||
***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | ||
***Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum | ***Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum | ||
***Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials | ***Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials | ||
+ | ***Oregano/ | ||
---- | ---- |