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edible_gardening [2008-10-14 15:23] – 94.108.195.154 | edible_gardening [2010-05-16 14:01] – theunkarelse | ||
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- | ==== Edible Gardening ==== | + | ====== Edible Gardening |
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••••• // | ••••• // | ||
* Based on guilds in permaculture | * Based on guilds in permaculture | ||
- | * the 7 layers | + | * the 7 layers: { [[plant guilds]] } |
* native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium. | * native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium. | ||
* biodiversity | * biodiversity | ||
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---- | ---- | ||
- | == A full permaculture guild consists of 7 layers (from Permaculture Guilds: A Primer) == | + | ===== A full permaculture guild consists of 7 layers (from Permaculture Guilds: A Primer) |
* canopy layer (only for larger gardens, not on roofs, balconies, etc.) | * canopy layer (only for larger gardens, not on roofs, balconies, etc.) | ||
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- | == Each plant guild needs 5 things == | + | ===== Each plant guild needs 5 things |
- | * nitrogen | + | * nitrogen |
* nutrients (non mineral, mineral, soil) | * nutrients (non mineral, mineral, soil) | ||
* mulch | * mulch | ||
* pollination | * pollination | ||
- | * protection from external threats---- | + | * protection from external threats.... |
- | more see [[plant_guilds]] | + | more see [[plant guilds]] |
---- | ---- | ||
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---- | ---- | ||
- | === Plant considerations for this garden === | + | |
+ | ==== Plant considerations for this garden | ||
- Are you edible? | - Are you edible? | ||
- Do we want to eat you? | - Do we want to eat you? | ||
- | - Are you native or not? | + | - Are you native or not, and do you want to live here? |
- | - How and do you fit in a guild? | + | - What sort of living conditions |
- | - How do you multiply? | + | - How do you multiply |
- | - What ground or compost | + | - How - do you fit- in a guild? |
- | | + | |
- Who do you want to be your companions? | - Who do you want to be your companions? | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | ||
- | . | ||
- | |||
- | |||
- | . | ||
- | |||
==== how does this guide work ==== | ==== how does this guide work ==== | ||
- | you can choose plants from every chapter underneath to create your own edible garden; to come to a collection of plants forming an interdependent whole. | + | |
+ | you can choose plants from every chapter underneath to create your own edible garden; to come to a collection of plants forming an interdependent whole. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | |||
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- | The centrlal elements in our garden are three low trees: | + | The centrlal elements in our garden are for instance: |
an Apple tree, a Mulberry and an Elderberry. Those three trees do tolerate each other very well. The idea is to make a guild or community around each tree and over time these guilds can slowly blend into each other. Other possible trees are for instance: pear, cherry, plum... | an Apple tree, a Mulberry and an Elderberry. Those three trees do tolerate each other very well. The idea is to make a guild or community around each tree and over time these guilds can slowly blend into each other. Other possible trees are for instance: pear, cherry, plum... | ||
+ | more on [[luminous: | ||
- | === ♦ Appletree - Appelboom -Malus domestica | + | ♦ **Appletree - Appelboom - Malus domestica** \\ |
+ | | ||
+ | An apple tree plant community might include daffodils, irises, or other early-flowering bulbs. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ♦ **Mulberry - Moerbij - Morus (L.)**\\ | ||
- | Companion plants for the apple tree: | ||
- | *Chives - Allium Schoenoprasum – Bieslook | ||
- | *Marigold - Tagetes (L.) - Africaantjes of Goudsbloem | ||
- | *Garlic, (aswell against caterpillars) | ||
- | *Onion -ui | ||
- | *Dill -dill: host predatory wasps and tastes great with apples raw or cooked) | ||
- | *Horserasdish - Armoracia rusticana- Mierikswortel | ||
- | *Lemonbalm - Melissa officinalis | ||
- | *Mustard – Sinapis – mosterd - | ||
- | *nasturium – Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum | ||
- | *Spinach, | ||
- | *Tansy -Tanacetum vulgaire- Boerenwormkruid, | ||
- | *Yarrow - Achillea (L.) – duizendblad | ||
- | *Muurbloem - Wallflowers - Erysimum (L.) | ||
- | *Daffodils -Narcis - Narcissus (L.) | ||
- | *Rue -Wijnruit - Ruta graveolens | ||
- | [★ it doesn’t go with potatoe] | ||
- | |||
- | An apple tree plant community might include daffodils, irises, or other early-flowering bulbs. | ||
- | |||
- | === ♦ Mulberry - Moerbij - Morus (L.) === | ||
- | |||
- | Its companion plants: | ||
- | * Chives - Allium Schoenoprasum – Bieslook | ||
- | * Marigold - Tagetes (L.) - Africaantjes of Goudsbloem | ||
- | * garlic | ||
- | * Grapevine Druif | ||
- | * Lemonbalm - Melissa officinalis | ||
- | * nasturium – Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum | ||
- | * Mustard | ||
- | * Spinach | ||
- | * Silverbeet - snijbiet | ||
- | * Tansy - Tanacetum vulgaire- Boerenwormkruid, | ||
- | * Yarrow - Achillea (L.) – Duizendblad | ||
- | * Comfrey - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp) | ||
- | * Clover | ||
- | * Cat-mints - Kattekruid - Nepeta: (groundover - Flora) | ||
// | // | ||
- | A special mixture for the groundcovering for under fruittrees is known in Germany under the name "Wolff Mischung" | + | A special mixture for the groundcovering for under fruittrees is known in Germany under the name **"Wolff Mischung" |
- | The mixture consists many nutrients giving plants, gives protector for birds, attract bees and misleads verminous (ongedierte). | + | The mixture consists many nutrients giving plants, gives protector for birds, attract bees and misleads verminous (ongedierte).\\ |
- | composition: | + | **composition: |
- | 7,5% Alexandrijnse Klaver - Egyptian Clover - Trifolium alexandrinum | + | 7,5% Alexandrijnse Klaver - Egyptian Clover - Trifolium alexandrinum |
- | 25% Esparcette - Holly Clover - Onobrychis viciifolia | + | 25% Esparcette - Holly Clover - Onobrychis viciifolia\\ |
- | 7,5% Inkarnaatklaver - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum | + | 7,5% Inkarnaatklaver - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum |
- | 5% Perzische Klaver - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum | + | 5% Perzische Klaver - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum |
- | 2,5% Rode Klaver - Red Clover- Trifolium pratense | + | 2,5% Rode Klaver - Red Clover - Trifolium pratense |
- | 10% Lucerne Klaver – Alfalfa -Medicago sativa | + | 10% Lucerne Klaver – Alfalfa - Medicago sativa |
- | 25% Wikken – Vetches - Vicia (L.) | + | 25% Wikken – Vetches - Vicia (L.)\\ |
- | 10% Bijenmengsel - beemixture | + | 10% Bijenmengsel - beemixture |
- | 7,5% Kruidenmengsel – herbmixture// | + | 7,5% Kruidenmengsel – herbmixture// |
- | === ♦ Elderberry - Vlier- Sambucus (L.) === | + | ♦ **Elderberry - Vlier- Sambucus (L.)**\\ |
Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic, | Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic, | ||
the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys. | the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys. | ||
- | It’s a general insecticide, | + | It’s a general insecticide, |
---- | ---- | ||
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Climbers can protect the cental elements | Climbers can protect the cental elements | ||
- | ***Passionflower** - Passiebloem – Passiflora caerulea | + | * **Passionflower** - Passiebloem – Passiflora caerulea |
- | ***Bramble** - Braam - Rubus fruticosus | + | * **Bramble** - Braam - Rubus fruticosus |
- | ***Grapevine** - Druif - Vitis vinifera | + | * **Grapevine** - Druif - Vitis vinifera |
- | ***Wild Rose** - Wilde Roos: goes well with chives(bieslook), | + | * **Wild Rose** - Wilde Roos: goes well with chives(bieslook), |
- | ***Kiwi** (not native) | + | * **Kiwi** (not native) |
- | ***Hop** - Hop - Humulus lupulus: perennial: | + | * **Hop** - Hop - Humulus lupulus: perennial: |
- | ***Honeysuckle** - Wilde kamerfoelie - Lonicera periclymenum | + | * **Honeysuckle** - Wilde kamerfoelie - Lonicera periclymenum |
- | ***Perenneal Pea** – Lathyrus gladiolus: nitrogen fixer | + | * **Perenneal Pea** – Lathyrus gladiolus: nitrogen fixer |
- | ***Jasmin** - Jasmijn – Jasminum officinale | + | * **Jasmin** - Jasmijn – Jasminum officinale |
- | ***Wisteria** – Wisteria floribunda: (not edible – nitrogen fixer). | + | * **Wisteria** – Wisteria floribunda: (not edible – nitrogen fixer).\\ |
- | . | + | {{:vines-pr.png|}} |
**annual climbers seeding themselves easily:** | **annual climbers seeding themselves easily:** | ||
- | ***Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) | + | * **Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) |
- | ***Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers | + | * **Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers |
- | ***Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tro[aeolum | + | * **Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum |
- | ***Pea** - Erw – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer | + | * **Pea** - Erwt – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer |
- | ***Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds) | + | * **Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds) |
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | + | |
====== | ====== | ||
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// in progress...// | // in progress...// | ||
Early flowering shrubs (currant) that attract insects and later on berries that attract insects and birds - our natural allies in pest control. | Early flowering shrubs (currant) that attract insects and later on berries that attract insects and birds - our natural allies in pest control. | ||
- | -bessen – all kind of berries | + | |
- | Strawberry - Aardbei | + | |
- | Kruisbes | + | |
- | Rode bes - VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA | + | * **Rode bes** - vaccinium vitis idaea - |
- | Witte bes | + | * **Witte bes** |
- | Zwarte bes | + | * **Zwarte bes** |
- | Mispel | + | * **raspberry** - Framboos - Rubus idaeus ' |
- | Kwee | + | * **Gooseberry** – Kruisbes - Ribes -(Hinnonmaki Rod) |
- | **Blueberry** - Bosbes - Vaccinium (L.: | + | |
- | -**Brambles** - Braam- - Rubus fruticosus | + | |
- | -**Raspberry** - frambozen - Rubus idaeus | + | * **Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and egelantier roos - rosa rubiginosa or Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, |
- | -**Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and egelantier roos - rosa rubiginosa or Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, | + | |
+ | more see [[luminous: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | ||
- | ====== Green manures / Groenbemesters ====== | ||
- | Plants which will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated | + | ====== Green manures or Covercrops / Groenbemesters ====== |
+ | |||
+ | Cover crops act as a living mulch: to build and hold soil and to smother | ||
+ | |||
+ | The more varied covercrops | ||
+ | |||
+ | There are old farm texts that list more then 15 varieties in their cover crops including | ||
+ | 4 grass species – (grasses add carbon and build structure in the soil) | ||
+ | , five clovers, Yarrow, | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | === Nitrogin | + | === Nitrogin-fixing crops / Stikstofbindende planten === |
- | they all improve the soil by adding suitable nitrogen. | + | |
- | ***Herbs** | + | |
- | ***Pea Family** see underneath | + | |
- | ***Weeds** | + | |
- | ***Legumes** legumes (peulvruchten - bonen)can fix nitrogin from the air and therefor they are very good greenmanures and for producing compost. Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also function as a sacrificial plants. For interesting species see ' | + | |
- | ---- | + | When building soil or feeding hungry plants, go heavy on nitrogen fixers. |
+ | Nitrogin fixers come in all sizes from clover to shrubs, to trees such as black locust, alder, and acacia. | ||
+ | Many **legumes**, | ||
+ | Experts both modern and ancient recommend that legumes should be mulched (slashed and leave it at the spot) before the seeds set, because the plant drains nitrogen from stem and leaves at maturity and concentrates in the seeds. | ||
+ | A to rich nitrogen fuel can actually deplete more organic matter than the cover crops adds. | ||
+ | So its best to balans out the covercrops with 10% to 40 % non nitrogen-fixing plants. | ||
+ | All members of the Pea family (legumes)/ Fabacea / Vlinderbloemigen - are nitrogen-fixers and | ||
+ | besides they all have a taproot to penetrate deep into the ground. | ||
- | === Pea family / Vlinderbloemigen === | + | You can sow legumes seeds all year round. |
- | members of the Pea family do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the underground and they can fix nitrogen from the air and give this slowly to the ground. [niet gebruiken bij voor of na teelt an vlinderbloemigen ivm versterking van schimmels.] | + | For specific legumes species see ‘Vegetables’ |
- | Vele vlinderbloemige are Clover, all clovers are great nitrogen fixers, | + | |
- | ***Egyptian | + | All clovers are great nitrogen fixers, |
- | ***Italian | + | * ** Berseem |
- | ***Red | + | * **Crimson |
- | *Witte klaver (het ras rector is zeer geschikt), | + | * **Red Kenland Clover** - Rode klaver - Trifolium pratense – edible and perennial and native |
- | ***Blue Lupin** - Blauwe Lupinen - Lupinus angustifolius | + | * **White Dutch Clover** - Witte klaver |
- | ***Vetch** - Wikke -Vicia: provide trace minerals, mulch and nitrogen, also usefull for insect, its a climber best to mix it with for instance: haver of rogge, | + | * **Strawberry clover** - Aardbeiklaver – frifolium tragiferum – native and perennia1 |
- | ***Alfalfa** - Luzerne - - Medicago sativa - you can try aswell, they can penetrate deep down in the ground to get minerals, which otherwise are not accesable | + | |
+ | |||
+ | * **Blue Lupin** -Blauwe Lupinen | ||
+ | * **Vetch** - Wikke - Vicia – (annual) | ||
+ | * **Luzerne** -Alfalfa | ||
+ | * **Fenugreek** - Fenegriek - trigonella foenumgraecum – opens heavy soils (edible) (annual) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [dont use the plants above before or after farming legumes because it increases the formation of moulds.] | ||
If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years. | If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years. | ||
- | ---- | ||
+ | Make sure you don’t have allopathic (die het tegeover gewilde effect bewerkstelligen) plants (plants that release toxins to nihilist the growth of neary plants) | like the Jerusalem Artichoke | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
=== Cabbage Family / | === Cabbage Family / | ||
- | Its from the same familie of the cabbages – [so dont plant before or after cabbages– because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind cant be broken down, but will be intensified] | ||
- | ***White Mustard** -Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.) en | ||
- | ***Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus | ||
- | ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera | ||
- | ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ||
+ | * **White Mustard** - Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.): Annual, have extensive roots that punch through hard subsoil, aerating the earth and adding humus as the roots die, attracts insects | ||
+ | * **Mustard** – Mosterd - Brassica spp- : (annual) | ||
+ | * **Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus | ||
+ | * **Radish** - Radijs/ | ||
+ | * **Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera ((DC.) Metzg.) | ||
+ | * **Knopherik** – Wild radish - Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora) | ||
+ | * **Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | ||
+ | * **Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) | ||
+ | * **Turnip, Rabe** – Koolzaad/ | ||
+ | * ** Gold of Pea** – Huttentut (of boterzaad) - Camelina sativa (annual - edible heeft Flora) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [dont use the plants above before or after farming cabbages because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind cant be broken down, but will be intensified] | ||
---- | ---- | ||
+ | === Groundcovers acting as living mulch ==== | ||
- | === Other green manures === | ||
- | ***Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – | ||
- | | ||
- | ***Spurreys** - Spurrie | ||
- | ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis | ||
- | ***Wild radish** - Knopherik – Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora) | ||
- | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met Boekweit | ||
- | ***Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: tevens geliefd bij vele insekten | ||
- | ***Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium | ||
- | ***Rape** - Knolraap -Brassica napus (L.) | ||
- | -mosterdzaad | ||
+ | Quick spreading plants will make a continuous living mulch: everytime you chop them down and leave the residu at its place: it will feed the ground. | ||
+ | * **Wild strawberrie ** - Bosaardbei | ||
+ | * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, they produce much biomass. (they can be hacked down 5 times a year, provide trace minerals | ||
+ | * **Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. | ||
+ | * **Lungwort** - Longkruid - Pulmonaria is de beste bodembedekker voor vochtige schaduw. | ||
+ | * **Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf | ||
+ | * **Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.) | ||
- | ====== | + | ---- |
- | + | === Other green manures | |
+ | * **Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – vorstgevoelig- trekt bijen aan – levert zeer goede humus, en is tevens een bodemonstsmetter. | ||
+ | * **Spurreys** - Spurrie | ||
+ | * **Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie/komkommerkruid - Borago officinalis | ||
+ | * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met Boekweit | ||
+ | * **Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: favourite by insects and opens heavy soil, by its long taproot, which seeks out pockers of potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium and other minerals. (perennial, edible) | ||
+ | * **Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium | ||
- | ***Tagetes** | + | ---- |
- | ***Marigolds** | + | |
- | ***Nasturiums** | + | |
+ | ====== Nutrient Accumulators ====== | ||
+ | * **Yarrow** - Duizendblad - Achillea (L.) | ||
+ | * **Chamomile** - Kamille echte - Matricaria recutita | ||
+ | * **Fennel** | ||
+ | * **Chirory** -(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus | ||
+ | * **Dandelions** Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
- | ====== Groundcovers acting as living mulch ====== | + | *and many more... |
- | + | ||
- | Quick spreading | + | Most of these plants |
- | | + | succession |
- | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, | + | |
- | ***Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. | + | |
- | | + | |
- | ***Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf | + | |
- | ***Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.) | + | |
+ | One can intercrop nutrient accumulators in between one's crops or | ||
+ | cover bare earth for two years with nutrient accumulotors before | ||
+ | planting fruit trees etc. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== Pestcontrollers/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Some plants secrete compounds that repel a few specific pests in the soil or above. Examples are | ||
+ | * **Tagetes** - Africaantjes: | ||
+ | * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem - Calendula officinalis: | ||
+ | * **Wild marigold** - Tagetes minuta: repels soil nematodes | ||
+ | * **Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): it deters white flies for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber | ||
+ | * **Elderberry** - Vlier – Sambucus | ||
- | Make sure you don’t have allopathic (die het tegeover gewilde effect bewerkstelligen) plants (plants that release toxins to nihilist the growth of neary plants) | like the Jerusalem Artichoke | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | ||
- | |||
====== Roots ====== | ====== Roots ====== | ||
The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | ||
- | all members of Pea family / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground | + | * **all members of Pea family** / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground. |
+ | * **All Root vegetables** are also usefull. | ||
+ | |||
+ | When soil is compacted or clayey, plants are excellent tools to restore tilth and fluffiness. | ||
+ | Species with deep, soil busting taproots are perfelt for the job. These include: | ||
+ | * **Daikon**- Rettich - Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus | ||
+ | * **Chirory**-(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus | ||
+ | * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp) | ||
+ | * **Artichoke** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized | ||
+ | * **Dandelion** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Others don’t have a single taproot but instead thrust a massive, fibrous rootsystem deep into the erath to accomplish the same soil loosening: | ||
+ | * **Mustard** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra | ||
+ | * **Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) | ||
+ | * **Alfafa** - Luzerne - Medicago (also a good nitrogen fixer) | ||
+ | |||
+ | You can use these plants either of two strategies; sow them into afuture orchard or garden to work a year of two before the final planting or intercrop them among beds or under trees to continually break up the soil. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | ||
====== Plants attracting insects and birds for pestcontrol ====== | ====== Plants attracting insects and birds for pestcontrol ====== | ||
- | |||
// | // | ||
- | *Umbelliferea (bv. carrot family, dille, anijs, wortels,) | + | * Umbelliferea (bv. carrot family, dille, anijs, wortels,) |
- | *Cruciferea (cabbage family) | + | * Cruciferea (cabbage family) |
- | *Asteracea (Aster-sunflower family) | + | * Asteracea (Aster-sunflower family) |
- | *Umbels -look familie (bv kraal look =zwart) en werken zuiverend | + | * Umbels -look familie (bv kraal look =zwart) en werken zuiverend |
- | *Rosacea provide habitat for wasp: who provide predatory pest control. | + | * Rosacea provide habitat for wasp: who provide predatory pest control. |
---- | ---- | ||
- | . | + | |
====== Pollinators ====== | ====== Pollinators ====== | ||
=== Bee-attractors === | === Bee-attractors === | ||
- | Bees are the best pollinators there are... I red somewhere… | + | Bees are the best pollinators there are... |
source: http:// | source: http:// | ||
+ | |||
Mixture especially for bees and other insect. Composed from a very old recepy and still used by bee-keepers. It creates aswell quicly flowerfields | Mixture especially for bees and other insect. Composed from a very old recepy and still used by bee-keepers. It creates aswell quicly flowerfields | ||
- | ***Buckwheat** -Boekweit – Fagopyrum esculentum: annual; white - pink; 15-60 cm | + | * **Buckwheat** -Boekweit – Fagopyrum esculentum: annual; white - pink; 15-60 cm |
- | ***Musterd** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra - (zwarte en inheemse heeft Flora0: annual; yellow; 30-80 cm | + | * **Musterd** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra - (zwarte en inheemse heeft Flora0: annual; yellow; 30-80 cm |
- | ***Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi; tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm | + | * **Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi; tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm |
- | ***Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual | + | * **Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual |
- | ***Dille** -Anethum graveolens; annual; yellow, 60-120 cm | + | * **Dille** |
- | ***Borage** - Bernagie | + | * **Borage** - Bernagie |
- | ***Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) | + | * **Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) |
- | ***Poppy** - Klaproos - papaver | + | * **Poppy** - Klaproos - Papaver |
- | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis | + | * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis |
- | ***Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) | + | * **Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) |
- | ***Redish** - Bladrammenas (radijs)- Raphanus sativus | + | * **Redish** - Bladrammenas (radijs)- Raphanus sativus |
- | ***Phacelia** - Phacelia (Juss.) | + | * **Phacelia** - Phacelia (Juss.) |
- | . | + | |
- | === and some more edable | + | === and some more edible |
- | ***Goldenrod** - Guldenroede echte - Solidago virgaurea | + | * **Goldenrod** - Guldenroede echte - Solidago virgaurea |
- | *** Brambles** - Braam - Rubus (L.) | + | * ** Brambles** - Braam - Rubus (L.) |
- | ***Appel** | + | * **Appel** |
- | ***Paardebloem** - Taraxacum officinale | + | * **Paardebloem** - Taraxacum officinale |
- | ***Coriander** -Koriander – Coriandrum sativum; annual, white/pink; 30-50 cm. | + | * **Coriander** -Koriander – Coriandrum sativum; annual, white/pink; 30-50 cm. |
- | //all sort of clover attract bees and these are edable:// | + | //all sort of clover attract bees and these are edible:// |
- | ***Red clover** - Rode klaver | + | * **Red clover** - Rode klaver |
- | *** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: | + | * ** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: |
---- | ---- | ||
- | === Butterflyattractors=== | + | === Butterfly attractors=== |
- | ***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse - Melissa officinalis: | + | * **Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse - Melissa officinalis: |
- | ***Garden Thyme** - Echte Tijm -Thymus vulgaris: (Flora) | + | * **Garden Thyme** - Echte Tijm -Thymus vulgaris: (Flora) |
- | ***Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis: | + | * **Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis: |
- | ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.): (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... | + | * **Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.): (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... |
- | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) | + | * **Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) |
- | ***Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – | + | * **Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) |
- | ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | + | * **Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis |
- | ***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) | + | * **Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) |
- | ***Marjoram** - Marjolein (wilde) -Origanum vulgare | + | * **Marjoram/Oregano** - Marjolein (wilde/ |
- | ***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd | + | * **White Mustard** - Gele mosterd |
---- | ---- | ||
Line 348: | Line 363: | ||
- | === And some more edable | + | === And some more edible |
- | source: http:// | + | source: http:// |
- | ***Yarrows** - duizendblad- - Achillea millefolium, | + | * **Yarrows** - Duizendblad- - Achillea millefolium, |
- | ***Anise Hyssop** -dropplant | + | * **Anise Hyssop** -Dropplant |
- | ***Carpetweed** - Zenegroen -Ajuga reptans | + | * **Carpetweed** - Zenegroen - Ajuga reptans |
- | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | + | * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus |
- | ***Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid -Echium russicum: | + | * **Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid - Echium russicum: |
- | ***Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart -Lythrum salicaria- | + | * **Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart - Lythrum salicaria- |
- | ***Cat-mints** - Kattekruid | + | * **Cat-mints** - Kattekruid |
- | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - gulden | + | * **Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - Gulden |
- | ***Burnets** - Pimpernel – -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor | + | * **Burnets** - Pimpernel – -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor |
- | ***Scabiouses** - Duifkruid - - Chenopodium botrys: | + | * **Scabiouses** - Duifkruid - - Chenopodium botrys: |
- | ***Valerian** - Valeriaan - Valeriana officinalis | + | * **Valerian** - Valeriaan - Valeriana officinalis |
---- | ---- | ||
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In permaculture its the best to have vegetables which: | In permaculture its the best to have vegetables which: | ||
- | *are perennials (overblijvend) and/or | + | * are perennials (overblijvend) and/or |
- | *seed themselves easily | + | * seed themselves easily |
- | *some deep rooting plants, which will cultivate the underground | + | * some deep rooting plants, which will cultivate the underground |
Many interesting vegetables are available at http:// | Many interesting vegetables are available at http:// | ||
Line 382: | Line 397: | ||
=== Self seeding Annuals === | === Self seeding Annuals === | ||
- | Tuinkers, | + | * **Garden Cress** – Tuinkers |
- | Italiaanse Raket | + | * **Italiaanse Raket** |
- | Self seeding annual climbers veg. see: climbers | + | * **Self seeding annual climbers** veg. see: |
- | ---- | + | * **Arugula** |
+ | * **Chard** | ||
+ | * **Red mustard** | ||
+ | * **Lettuce** - Lactuca sativa – Echte sla (composieten familie) | ||
---- | ---- | ||
Line 392: | Line 409: | ||
=== Perennial vegetables === | === Perennial vegetables === | ||
+ | A perennial food garden can contain a wide variety of crops, and you can have a very low maintanance. | ||
some of them `I still have to research... | some of them `I still have to research... | ||
- | *Aspergus | + | * **Asparagus**, |
- | ***Chard, Beetroot** | + | * **Chard, Beetroot** |
- | ***Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten) | + | * **Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten most problably they are self seeding) |
- | ***Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) | + | * **Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) |
- | ***Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde): (flora) | + | * **Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde)- Spinacia oleracea: (flora) |
- | ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) | + | * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) |
- | ***Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia | + | * **Lovage** - Lavas or Maggiplant - Levisticum officinale; (also used as veg.) perennial (schermbloemigen familie) |
- | ***Rabarber**, | + | * **Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia |
- | ***Rode Spruitjes | + | * **Rhubarb** |
- | ***Venkel -fennel** - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig | + | * **Fennel** - Venkel |
- | ***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Winterkers** (vergeten eten) |
- | ***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.). | + | * **Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) |
+ | * **Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse | ||
+ | |||
Line 413: | Line 433: | ||
Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost. | Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost. | ||
Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants. | Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants. | ||
- | ** | + | * **Wintertuinbonen** (vergeten eten) |
- | Wintertuinbonen, Aguadulce, Malse peulen Carouby de Maussane, | + | * **Aguadulce** - Malse peulen |
- | Wonderboontjes Merveille de Paris, Knoebelbuenke, Boerentenen, Europese | + | * **Wonderboontjes** Merveille de Paris (vergeten eten) |
- | Sojabonen, Peulen Corne de Belier, Paarse Spekbonen, Heilig Boontje, (all from vergeten eten) or | + | * **Knoebelbuenke** (vergeten eten) |
- | De tuinboon - (Vicia faba), sperzie boneen, snijbonen, bruine bonen, doperwten, groene erwten, Hokjespeul** -Astragalus glycyphyllos: | + | * **Boerentenen** (vergeten eten) |
+ | * ** Europese | ||
+ | * **Peulen Corne de Belier** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Paarse Spekbonen** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Heilig Boontje**, (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **De tuinboon** - (Vicia faba) | ||
+ | * **sperzie boneen** | ||
+ | * **snijbonen** | ||
+ | * **bruine bonen** | ||
+ | * **doperwten** | ||
+ | * **groene erwten** | ||
+ | * **Fava bean** - Tuinboon – Vicia faba (annual) | ||
+ | * **Pea** - Pisum sativum – Erwt (annual) | ||
+ | * **Scarlet Running Beans** - Phaseolus coccineus – Pronkboon (vlinderbloemige familie) can they handle our winters..(perennial) | ||
+ | * **Groundplum Milkvetch** - Hokjes peul - Astragalus Crassicarpus or Astragalus glycyphyllos: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family / | Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family / | ||
- | ***Green | + | * **Green |
- | ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera | + | * **Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera |
- | ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. | + | * **Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp. |
- | ***Winterbroccoli | + | * **Winterbroccoli** (vergeten eten) |
+ | * **Nine star-broccoli** must be picked before it set seeds or it may die but its a perennial | ||
+ | * **White Sprouting** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Victoriaanse Kool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Wittekool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Brunswijker Platte Kortpoot** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Spruitjes ‘Groninger Stiekema’** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Rode Spruitjes** (perennial) | ||
+ | * **Sea Kale** - Zeekool | ||
+ | * **Palmkool** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Slobber- of Smeltkool (Bloemendaalse Gele)**; (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Brassica oleracea** – broccoli – kruisbloemfamielei (perennial) | ||
+ | |||
---- | ---- | ||
- | |||
=== Salads === | === Salads === | ||
- | **Bataviasla, Aardbeispinazie (Flora), Italiaanse roodlof, Winterpostelein, | + | * **Bataviasla** |
+ | * **Aardbeispinazie** (Flora) | ||
+ | * **Italiaanse roodlof** | ||
+ | * **Barbarakruid** (Flora), | ||
+ | * **Bloedrood Bietjesblad** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Bruinrode Jaarrondsla** (vergeten eten) | ||
+ | * **Romaanse sla** | ||
+ | * **Veldsla** -Cornalad - Valerianella (Mill.){locusta} reseeds itself (Flora) | ||
+ | * **Buckler-Leaved Sorrel**, Rumex acetosa, -Rucola, | ||
+ | * **Rocket** - Turkish | ||
+ | * **Bonenkruid** - Winter Savory –- Satureja (L.) (flora) | ||
+ | * **Kardoen (distel)** – Cardoon - Cynara cardunculus (Flora) | ||
+ | | ||
+ | * **French Sorrel** -Spaanse zuring-Rumex scutatus | ||
+ | * **Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - Rumex acetosa (flora) | ||
+ | * **Veldzuring** -Common & French Sorrel (Flora) (perennial) | ||
+ | * **Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) | ||
+ | * **Vijfdelig Kaasjeskruid** - Malva alcea; perennial (flora) | ||
+ | * **Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | * **Myrrhis odorata** | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | ---- | + | === Roots and Tubers (knollen) === |
+ | By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, some species can be perennialized. | ||
- | |||
- | === Roots and Tubers (knollen) === | ||
Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | ||
Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | ||
- | ***Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) | + | * **Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) (van vergeten eten) |
- | ***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** | + | * **Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** |
- | ***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** | + | * **Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** |
- | ***Artichokes - Jerusalem and Chinese** - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! | + | * **Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! |
- | ***Carrots**: | + | * **Carrots**: |
- | ***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) |
- | ***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) |
- | ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit, Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais | + | * **Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit/Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais; can be perennialized |
- | ***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) |
- | ***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) |
- | ***Pastinaak** (prachtige bloemen), Pastinaca sativa (tweejarig) (Flora) | + | * **Pastinaak** (prachtige bloemen), Pastinaca sativa (tweejarig) (Flora) |
- | ***Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) | + | * **Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) |
- | ***Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel, | + | * **Peen** - daucus carota (Flora) tweejarig |
- | *Milaanse raapjes (witte roodkop) (vergeten eten | + | * **Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel, |
- | *Raapjes Teltower (vergeten eten) | + | |
- | *Witte raapjes (vergeten eten) | + | |
- | *Friese Knossen (koolraap) (vergeten eten) | + | |
+ | | ||
+ | * **Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - taste delicious) | ||
+ | * **Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus; | ||
+ | * **Horseradish** - Mierikswortel - Armoracia rusticana | ||
---- | ---- | ||
- | === Bulbs & Onion family | + | |
- | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. one can use for instance: | + | |
- | ***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | + | === Bulbs & Onion family === |
- | ***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | + | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. |
- | ***Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin) | + | |
- | ***Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | + | Leeks for instance |
- | ***Garlic** | + | |
+ | * **Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | ||
+ | * **Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | ||
+ | * **Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin)- Allium cepa ' | ||
+ | * **Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | ||
+ | * **Garlic**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized | ||
+ | * **Shalots**; | ||
+ | |||
---- | ---- | ||
. | . | ||
- | ====== | + | ====== |
Some specific flowers I would like to add to the garden underneath some personnal choices: | Some specific flowers I would like to add to the garden underneath some personnal choices: | ||
- | ***Balloon Flower** - Ballonklokje - Platycodon grandiflorus: | + | * **Balloon Flower** - Ballonklokje - Platycodon grandiflorus: |
- | ***Common Valerian** - Valeriaan - Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis- (Flora) | + | * **Common Valerian** - Valeriaan - Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis- (Flora) |
- | ***Bergamot** - Bergamot - Monarda didyma | + | * **Bergamot** - Bergamot - Monarda didyma |
- | ***Angelica** - Engelwortel - - Angelica sylvestris -kan in lichte schaduw en zandgrond- prachtige lichrgroene bereklauwachtige plant 90- 180 cm ..(Flora) –recommended! | + | * **Angelica** - Engelwortel - - Angelica sylvestris -kan in lichte schaduw en zandgrond- prachtige lichrgroene bereklauwachtige plant 90- 180 cm ..(Flora) –recommended! |
- | ***Blessed Thistle** -Gezegende distel - Cnicus benedictus (gele kern) | + | * **Blessed Thistle** -Gezegende distel - Cnicus benedictus (gele kern) |
- | ***3 Urenbloem** | + | * **3 Urenbloem** |
- | ***Wild Basil** - Borstelkrans -Satureja vulgaris (A) | + | * **Wild Basil** - Borstelkrans -Satureja vulgaris (A) |
- | ***IJsbloem** | + | * **IJsbloem** |
- | ***Speedwells** - Ereprijs - Veronica officials: has nice flowers | + | * **Speedwells** - Ereprijs - Veronica officials: has nice flowers |
Line 503: | Line 578: | ||
herbs with “long taproot” can absorp unavailable nutriënts and when you cut them down they provide these nutriënts to the guild. | herbs with “long taproot” can absorp unavailable nutriënts and when you cut them down they provide these nutriënts to the guild. | ||
- | source: | + | source: www.permacultuurnederland.org/ |
- | *www.permacultuurnederland.org/ | + | |
- | *www.self-willed-land.org.uk/ | + | |
- | *all seeds avialable at Flora: www.wildebertram.nl | + | |
- | ***Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - perennial | + | * **Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - (perennial) |
- | ***Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare: | + | * **Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare: |
- | ***Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei - - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker | + | * **Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei - - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker |
- | ***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: | + | * **Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: |
- | ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus (also used asa root veg.) | + | * **Yarrows** - Duizendblad – - Achillea millefolium: |
- | ***Yarrows** - Duizendblad – - Achillea millefolium: | + | * **Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: |
- | ***Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: | + | * **Garden Thyme** - Echte tijm - -Thymus vulgaris |
- | ***Garden Thyme** - Echte tijm - -Thymus vulgaris | + | * **Agrimony** - Agrimonie gewone - Agrimonia eupatoria |
- | ***Agrimony** - Agrimonie gewone - Agrimonia eupatoria | + | * **Goats Rue** - Galega - Galega officinalis |
- | ***Goats Rue** - Galega - Galega officinalis | + | * **Shirley Poppy** - Gewone klaproos -Papaver rhoeas |
- | ***Shirley Poppy** - Gewone klaproos -Papaver rhoeas | + | * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis |
- | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis | + | * **Marsh-Mallow** - Heemst echte - Althea officinalis (A) N: Heemst, E: Marsh-mallows, |
- | ***Marsh-Mallow** - Heemst echte - Althea officinalis (A) N: Heemst, E: Marsh-mallows, | + | * **Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis |
- | ***Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis | + | * **Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa |
- | ***Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa | + | * **Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium |
- | ***Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium | + | * **Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra |
- | ***Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) | + | * **Mosterd Inheems** |
- | ***Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra | + | * **Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia |
- | ***Mosterd Inheems**e | + | * **Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata |
- | ***Lovage** - Lavas - Levisticum officinale (also used as veg.) perennial | + | * **Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare |
- | ***Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia | + | * **Milk Thistle** |
- | ***Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata | + | * **Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare |
- | ***Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare | + | * **Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea |
- | ***Milk Thistle** | + | * **Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper |
- | ***Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare | + | * **Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: |
- | ***Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea | + | * **Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) |
- | ***Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper | + | * **Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) |
- | ***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: | + | * ** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial |
- | ***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) | + | * **(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: |
- | ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale; (also used as veg.) | + | * **Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita |
- | ***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) | + | * **Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis |
- | *** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial | + | * **Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial |
- | ***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten) | + | * **Stinkende Gouwe** |
- | ***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: | + | * **Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum |
- | ***Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita | + | * **Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis |
- | ***Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse | + | * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus |
- | ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | + | * **Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum |
- | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial | + | * **Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials |
- | ***Stinkende Gouwe** - Chelidonium majus | + | * **Oregano/ |
- | ***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum | + | |
- | ***Myrrhis odorata** | + | |
- | ***Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - - Rumex acetosa (used as veg) | + | |
- | ***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis | + | |
- | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | + | |
- | ***Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum | + | |
- | ***Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials | + | |
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* Flora Meydam: specialist in native dutch edible plants www.wildebertram.nl | * Flora Meydam: specialist in native dutch edible plants www.wildebertram.nl | ||
*[[gurukula botanical sanctuary]]: | *[[gurukula botanical sanctuary]]: | ||
+ | * [[Jeruzalemgarden]] | ||
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