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notes_aare [2018-04-16 10:18] – theunkarelse | notes_aare [2018-04-16 11:45] – theunkarelse | ||
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=== Techniques ordered in sequence: === | === Techniques ordered in sequence: === | ||
- | * condensation (water harvesting, shadow) > out: pioneering vegetation | + | * condensation (water harvesting, shadow) > **out**: pioneering vegetation |
- | * ditches (increase geodiversity) > out: water retention, erosion, microclimates, | + | * ditches (increase geodiversity) > **out**: water retention, erosion, microclimates, |
- | * refugia (at large scale) vegetation pockets in the most favourable areas that serve as basecamps to grow from | + | |
* mucuva: seeding an area with biodiverse mix of local species (increases tree diversity from 160 to over 2000 species per hectare initially and over 5000 after a decade) | * mucuva: seeding an area with biodiverse mix of local species (increases tree diversity from 160 to over 2000 species per hectare initially and over 5000 after a decade) | ||
- | * assisted migration | + | |
- | * assisted evolution (like Cobalt-60 exposure) | + | |
+ | * assisted evolution?? (like Cobalt-60 exposure) | ||
=== Second phase techniques: === | === Second phase techniques: === | ||
- | * structural complexity enhancement (jump towards late-successional diversity) knock over some of the trees and expose roots, strip bark from some of the trees to create snags (standing dead trees) breaking up canopy cover, or somehow bring in heavy longs from elsewhere > out: creates habitat for insects, birds, mammals, amphibians that mitigate disease, pests and renewed space for pioneering vegetation and the associated wildlife | + | |
+ | | ||
* atmospheric water cycle: canopy cover starts to work as an atmospheric moisture pump (near coast or on mountain side) | * atmospheric water cycle: canopy cover starts to work as an atmospheric moisture pump (near coast or on mountain side) | ||
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* secondary trophic layer > insects, small herbivores > **in**: ‘accommodation’ / **out**: pollination, | * secondary trophic layer > insects, small herbivores > **in**: ‘accommodation’ / **out**: pollination, | ||
* third trophic layer > birds, carnivores > **in**: canopy or shrubbery / **out**: pest mitigation, zoochory (seed dispersal, microbe dispersal, nutrient dispersal) | * third trophic layer > birds, carnivores > **in**: canopy or shrubbery / **out**: pest mitigation, zoochory (seed dispersal, microbe dispersal, nutrient dispersal) | ||
- | <br> | + | |
* foundation species: a strong role in structuring a community (grass, trees, kelp, ants) | * foundation species: a strong role in structuring a community (grass, trees, kelp, ants) | ||
* indicator species (as a way of analysing system health) lichen | * indicator species (as a way of analysing system health) lichen | ||
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* second stage: shrubs and first trees (contour hedge rows to maximise impact) | * second stage: shrubs and first trees (contour hedge rows to maximise impact) | ||
* third stage: tree cover, nitrogen fixing trees: root deep, self seed, grow quickly, grow easily from cuttings (automated tree nursery) | * third stage: tree cover, nitrogen fixing trees: root deep, self seed, grow quickly, grow easily from cuttings (automated tree nursery) | ||
- | (Some ecologists call this making a ‘vegetation forecast’) | + | (Essentially we' |
- | === Functional traits: === | + | === Functional traits |
+ | * shade giving | ||
+ | * high water retention | ||
+ | * deep rooted | ||
+ | * fruit bearing (to attract more life) | ||
* high characteristic return time: rate at which a population returns after disturbance | * high characteristic return time: rate at which a population returns after disturbance | ||
* high jump dispersal: can cover long distances over inhospitable habitat in one generation (typically: seeds, insects, birds) | * high jump dispersal: can cover long distances over inhospitable habitat in one generation (typically: seeds, insects, birds) | ||
* high speciation (allopatric) | * high speciation (allopatric) | ||
- | * high water retention | ||
- | * deep rooted | ||
- | * fruit bearing | ||
- | * | ||
- | === Weaknesses: === | + | === Weaknesses |
* low cryptic diversity (genepool) | * low cryptic diversity (genepool) | ||
- | * low tipping point, buffering capacity | + | * low tipping point |
+ | * low buffering capacity | ||
+ | see also: [[environmental_machine_learning]] | ||