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brussels_plants [2008-10-14 15:48] – linabrussels_plants [2009-07-07 07:42] (current) – 83.101.32.7
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 {{:illustration_solanum_dulcamara0.jpg?200}}{{:nighwo06-l.jpg?250}} {{:illustration_solanum_dulcamara0.jpg?200}}{{:nighwo06-l.jpg?250}}
  
-is a species of vine in the potato genus Solanum, family Solanaceae. It is native to Europe and Asia,  +"---Description---It is a perennial, shrubby plant, quite woody at the base, but throws out long, straggling, slender branches, which trail over the hedges and bushes among which it grows, reaching many feet in length, when supported by other plants. They are at first green and hairy, but become woody and smooth as they grow older, with an ashygreen bark. 
-and widely naturalised elsewhere, including North America, where it is an invasive problem weed. It occurs in a very wide range of habitats,  +The plant was called the Woody Nightshade by the old herbalists to distinguish it from the Deadly Nightshade. Its generic name Solanum is derived from Solor (I ease), and testifies to the medicinal power of this group of plants. The second name, Dulcamara, used to be more correctly written in the Middle Ages, Amaradulcis, signifying literally 'bittersweet,' the common country name of the plant, given to it in reference to the fact that the root and stem, if chewed, taste first bitter and then sweet. Another old name is Felonwood, probably a corruption of Felonwort, the plant for felons - felon being an old name for whitlow. We are told by an old writer that:'the Berries of Bittersweet stamped withrusty Bacon, applied to the Joynts of the Finger that is troubled with a Felon hath been found by divers country people who are most subject thereto to be very successful for the curing of the same.' 
-from woodlands to scrubland, hedges and marshes. +Gerard says of it:'The juice is good for those that have fallen from high places, and have been thereby bruised or beaten, for it is thought to dissolve blood  congealed or cluttered anywhere in the intrals and to heale the hurt places.' 
-In the days of belief in witchcraft, shepherds used to hang it as a charm round the necks of those of their beasts whom they suspected  +
-to be under the evil eye.The older physicians valued Bittersweet highly and applied it to many purposes in medicine and surgery, for which it is no longer used. It was in great repute as far back as the time of Theophrastus, and we know of it being in use in this country in the thirteenth century. +
-Gerard says of it:'The juice is good for those that have fallen from high places, and have been thereby bruised or beaten, for it is thought to dissolve blood congealed or cluttered anywhere in the intrals and to heale the hurt places.' +
 Boerhaave, the celebrated Dutch physician, considered the young shoots superior to Sarsaparilla as a restorative, and Linnaeus, who at first had an aversion to the plant, later spoke of it in the highest terms as a remedy for rheumatism,  Boerhaave, the celebrated Dutch physician, considered the young shoots superior to Sarsaparilla as a restorative, and Linnaeus, who at first had an aversion to the plant, later spoke of it in the highest terms as a remedy for rheumatism, 
 fever and inflammatory diseases of all kinds.  fever and inflammatory diseases of all kinds. 
-There are few complaints for which it has not been at some time recommended.+There are few complaints for which it has not been at some time recommended."
  
- ---Medicinal Action and Uses---+ "---Medicinal Action and Uses---
 The drug possesses feeble narcotic properties, with the power of increasing the secretions, particularly those of the skin and kidneys. It has no action on the pupil of the eye. The drug possesses feeble narcotic properties, with the power of increasing the secretions, particularly those of the skin and kidneys. It has no action on the pupil of the eye.
 It is chiefly used as an alterative in skin diseases, being a popular remedy for obstinate skin eruptions, scrofula and ulcers. It is chiefly used as an alterative in skin diseases, being a popular remedy for obstinate skin eruptions, scrofula and ulcers.
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 From the fluid extract made from the twigs, a decoction is prepared of 10 drachms in 2 pints of boiling water, boiled down to 1 pint, and taken in doses of 1/2 to 2 OZ. with an equal quantity of milk. From the fluid extract made from the twigs, a decoction is prepared of 10 drachms in 2 pints of boiling water, boiled down to 1 pint, and taken in doses of 1/2 to 2 OZ. with an equal quantity of milk.
 The berries have proved poisonous to a certain degree to children. The berries have proved poisonous to a certain degree to children.
-Fluid extract, 1/2 to 2 drachms. +Fluid extract, 1/2 to 2 drachms."
  
-http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/n/nighwo06.html +-Information source:- http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/n/nighwo06.html 
-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_dulcamara+ 
 +as well as: 
 +   * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_dulcamara 
 +   * [[plant_data]]
  
 ===== Hordeum murinum (wall barley) =====  ===== Hordeum murinum (wall barley) ===== 
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepis
  
-   * Conyza canadensis +===== Conyza canadensis ===== 
-   * Galinsoga ciliata+{{:img_8889.jpg?200}}{{:erigeron_canadensis_1.jpg?400}} 
 + 
 + 
 + 
 +"Conyza canadensis (formerly Erigeron canadensis L.) is an annual plant native throughout most of North America and Central America. Common names include Horseweed, Canadian Horseweed, Canadian Fleabane, Coltstail, Marestail and Butterweed. 
 +It is an annual plant growing to 1.5 m tall, with sparsely hairy stems. The leaves are slender, 2-10 cm long and up to 1 cm broad, with a coarsely toothed margin. The flowers are produced in dense inflorescences 1 cm in diameter, with a ring of white or pale purple ray florets and a centre of yellow disc florets. 
 +Horseweed is a common weed of fields, meadows, and gardens throughout its native range. Although little information is available, Horseweed infestations have reduced soybean yields by as much as 83%. Little information is available on methods of control. 
 +This is much the commonest of the alien Conyza species in Britain, and is found from northern Scotland to Cornwall. It is the only one of the British Conyza species that grows as a weed of arable land: the others are casuals of waste and disturbed ground in towns and by roads and railways. It is not invasive of any natural or semi-natural habitats." 
 + 
 +-Information source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conyza_canadensis 
 + 
 +===== Galinsoga ciliata ===== 
 +{{:gallinsoga_ciliata_flowers.jpg?200}}{{:img_8878.jpg?300}} 
 + 
 +Galinsoga quadriradiata is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family which is known by several common names, including shaggy soldier, hairy galinsoga, and fringed quickweed. It is found throughout most of the temperate world, but apparently its native home is Mexico. In Portuguese-speaking countries where it is widely naturalized - e.g. in Brazil - it is known as botão-de-ouro. 
 + 
 +This is an annual herb which varies in appearance. The main stem reaches anywhere from 10 to 60 centimeters in height and may branch or not. The petioled leaves are oval and serrated and are covered in a coat of soft hairs. The small flower heads are up to a centimeter wide and have rounded center filled with many disc florets usually in a shade of bright yellow. There are five white ray florets widely spaced around the center, each an oval shape with one or two deep notches in the end. The fruit is a small achene with a large pappus. 
 + 
 +Flowering - May - November /Habitat - Waste ground, cultivated areas, roadsides /Origin - Native to Central and South America. 
 +This weedy little species can be found scattered throughout Missouri. The plant can be identified by its small flowers, opposite leaves, and hairy stems. It commonly shows up in flower beds and in cultivated fields. 
 +This species is edible.  
 + 
 +http://www.missouriplants.com/Whiteopp/Galinsoga_ciliata_page.html 
 +http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galinsoga_quadriradiata 
 ===== Marchantiophyta/Pellia epiphylla (Liverwort) ===== ===== Marchantiophyta/Pellia epiphylla (Liverwort) =====
 {{:liverwort_life_cycle.jpg?200}}{{:img_8865.jpg?250}} {{:liverwort_life_cycle.jpg?200}}{{:img_8865.jpg?250}}
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 ===== Geranium robertianum ===== ===== Geranium robertianum =====
 {{:geranium_robertianum_sturm7-1.jpg?200}}{{:img_8877.jpg?300}} {{:geranium_robertianum_sturm7-1.jpg?200}}{{:img_8877.jpg?300}}
 +
 +Geranium robertianum poses a threat to forest understories and plant biodiversity by displacing native species, especially herbaceous species. In preliminary research in western Washington it was found that under 90 percent canopy cover it was possible to find 250 plants/m2. In a more open canopy (e.g., 50-60 percent) there were only 112 plants/m2 but these plants were larger and more vigorous. There are unsubstantiated reports that its strong odor may trigger asthma attacks (Tisch 1992). Beneficial: Herb Robert is an ornamental species and has been sold in nurseries in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere. White flowered forms are also sold. It has a long history of medicinal use including relief from toothaches and nosebleeds (Bath and Jones 1994).
 +Freshly picked leaves are rubbed on the body to repel mosquitoes[53]. They impart their own peculiar odour. A brown dye is obtained from the whole plant
 +
 +   * http://www.nwcb.wa.gov/weed_info/Written_findings/Geranium_robertianum.html
 +   * http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Geranium+robertianum
 +   * http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Geranium+robertianum
 +   * http://www.spiceworld.uk.com/?gclid=CJG05aqMp5YCFQ5MQgodJhPd6g
 +
 + ===== Cymbalaria muralis =====
 + {{:via_aemilia_reggio_emilia.jpg?300}}{{:cymbalaria_muralis_7f2.jpg?300}}{{:cymbalaria_muralis_sturm21.jpg?150}}
 +
 +It is hardy to zone 3 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to September, and the seeds ripen from July to October. 
 +The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Bees. The plant is self-fertile.
 +The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil. 
 +The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland). It requires dry or moist soil.
 +Habitats: Woodland Garden; Dappled Shade; Shady Edge; North Wall In; East Wall In; South Wall In; West Wall In;
 +Edible Uses: Leaves - raw. The leaves have been used in salads, being acrid and pungent like cress[4]. We find them rather bitter and not very pleasant, though they are available all year round and so might be useful in the winter[K]. Some caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity.
 +A clear yellow dye is obtained from the flowers, though it is not very permanent
 +
 +http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Cymbalaria+muralis
 +
 +===== Sambucus nigra =====
 +{{:sambucus-nigra-4.jpg?300}}{{:sambucus_nigra-fruit1-400.jpg?300}}
 +
 +"The ELDERBERRY is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 6 metres tall and wide. Yet another very easily grown plant, it tolerates most soils and situations, growing well on chalk and in heavy clay soils. It tolerates some shade but fruits better in a sunny position. It also tolerates atmospheric pollution and coastal situations. The small white flowers are produced in large racemes in late spring and early summer. They make a delicious refreshing snack on a hot day, though you have to be a bit careful when eating them because they are very attractive to a wide range of insects and you could end up eating more than you had bargained for. The flowers can also be used to add a muscatel flavour to stewed fruits, jellies and jams, and are often used to make a sparkling wine."
 +
 +Information source: http://www.pfaf.org/leaflets/flowers.php
 +
 +Picture source: http://www.istrianet.org/istria/gastronomy/osteria/condiments-elderberry1.htm
 +
 +
 +----
 +
 +http://www.wildplantdatabase.net/wildplantdatabase/PlantDetail.asp?PlantID=90
 +
 +----
 +
 +see also;
 +  * [[project groworld]]
 +  * [[plant_data]]
 +  * [[Green Roof Systems]]
 +  * [[three_options_for_rooftop_gardens]]
 +  * [[edible_gardens_seed_nurseries]]
 +
 +
  
  • brussels_plants.1223999327.txt.gz
  • Last modified: 2008-10-14 15:48
  • by lina