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edible_gardening [2009-02-18 19:16] – 87.210.211.132edible_gardening [2013-04-26 07:58] (current) – [Nutrient Accumulators] alkan
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-==== Edible Gardening ====+====== Edible Gardening ======
    
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 ••••• //Experimental guide set up to live from city-gardens// ••••• ••••• //Experimental guide set up to live from city-gardens// •••••
   * Based on guilds in permaculture   * Based on guilds in permaculture
-  * the 7 layers:  see [[plant_guilds]]+  * the 7 layers:  { [[plant guilds]] }
   * native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium.   * native edible plants: applicable for the Netherlands and Belgium.
   * biodiversity   * biodiversity
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-== A full permaculture guild consists of 7 layers (from Permaculture Guilds: A Primer) ==+===== A full permaculture guild consists of 7 layers (from Permaculture Guilds: A Primer) =====
  
   * canopy layer (only for larger gardens, not on roofs, balconies, etc.)   * canopy layer (only for larger gardens, not on roofs, balconies, etc.)
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-== Each plant guild needs 5 things ==+===== Each plant guild needs 5 things =====
  
-  * nitrogen+  * nitrogen (stikstof  - n2)
   * nutrients (non mineral, mineral, soil)   * nutrients (non mineral, mineral, soil)
   * mulch   * mulch
   * pollination   * pollination
-  * protection from external threats----+  * protection from external threats....
  
-more see [[plant_guilds]]+more see [[plant guilds]]
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-=== Plant considerations for this garden ===+ 
 +==== Plant considerations for this garden =====
  
  
   - Are you edible?   - Are you edible?
   - Do we want to eat you?   - Do we want to eat you?
-  - Are you native or not? +  - Are you native or not, and do you want to live here? 
-  - How and do you fit in a guild? +  - What sort of living conditions do you need (soil, sun, shade, care  etc..) 
-  - How do you multiply? +  - How do you multiply yourself? 
-  - What ground or compost do you need? +  - How - do you fit- in a guild?
-  - Do you need much sun?+
   - Who do you want to be your companions?   - Who do you want to be your companions?
  
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-. 
-. 
- 
- 
-. 
- 
  
 ==== how does this guide work ==== ==== how does this guide work ====
- you can choose plants from every chapter underneath to create your own edible garden; to come to a collection of plants forming an interdependent whole.+  
 +you can choose plants from every chapter underneath to create your own edible garden; to come to a collection of plants forming an interdependent whole.
  
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-The centrlal elements in our garden are three low trees: +The central elements in this garden are for instance:  
-an Apple tree, a Mulberry and an Elderberry. Those three trees do tolerate each other very well. The idea is to make a guild or community around each tree and over time these guilds can slowly blend into each other. Other possible trees are for instance: pear, cherry, plum...+an **Apple tree**, a **Mulberry** and an **Elderberry**. Those three trees do tolerate each other very well. The idea is to make a guild or community around each tree and over time these guilds can slowly blend into each other. Other possible trees are for instance: **Pear**, **Cherry**, **Plum**... 
 +more on [[luminous:fruit]]\\
  
-=== ♦ Appletree - Appelboom -Malus domestica === +♦ __Appletree - Appelboom - Malus domestica__ \\ 
- +An apple-tree plant community might include: daffodils, irises, or other early-flowering bulbs.  While blooming under the fruit tree, they provide beauty for us and attract pollinators to the tree.  Dill and onions planted under the drip line of the apple tree repel pests that are otherwise attracted to the tree. Beans, peas, or purple clovers fix soil nitrogen, improving the quality of the soil in which the tree is growing.  Comfrey and borage are herbs with many human uses.  In addition, they grow quickly and can be cut back and used as mulch around the tree.\\
  
-Companion plants for the apple tree: 
-   
- 
-An apple tree plant community might include daffodils, irises, or other early-flowering bulbs.  While blooming under the fruit tree, they provide beauty for us and attract pollinators to the tree.  Dill and onions planted under the drip line of the apple tree repel pests that are otherwise attracted to the tree.  Beans, peas, or purple clovers fix soil nitrogen, improving the quality of the soil in which the tree is growing.  Comfrey and borage are herbs with many human uses.  In addition, they grow quickly and can be cut back and used as mulch around the tree. 
- 
-=== ♦ Mulberry - Moerbij - Morus (L.) === 
-  
  
-// 
-A special mixture for the groundcovering for under fruittrees is known in Germany under the name "Wolff Mischung". 
-The mixture consists many nutrients giving plants, gives protector for birds, attract bees and misleads verminous (ongedierte). 
-composition:  
-7,5% Alexandrijnse Klaver - Egyptian Clover - Trifolium alexandrinum  (L.) ,  
-25% Esparcette - Holly Clover - Onobrychis viciifolia ,  
-7,5% Inkarnaatklaver - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum  (L.) 
-5% Perzische Klaver - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum  (L.) 
- 2,5% Rode Klaver - Red Clover - Trifolium pratense  (L.) 
-10% Lucerne Klaver – Alfalfa - Medicago sativa  (L.) 
-25% Wikken – Vetches - Vicia (L.) 
-10% Bijenmengsel - beemixture  
-7,5% Kruidenmengsel – herbmixture// 
  
-=== ♦ Elderberry - Vlier- Sambucus (L.) ===+♦ __Elderberry - Vlier- Sambucus (L.)__\\
 Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic, Plant near a compost heap as it assists in breakdown soil. Elderberry is a natural Antiseptic,
 the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and  the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys. the leaves encourage compost fermentation and makes excellent topsoil. The flowers are very attractive to insects and  the fruit is very attractive to birds – pigeons hang upside down in autumn to pick the berrys.
-It’s a general insecticide, the flowers and berries make lovely wine, pancakes, juices etc.+It’s a general insecticide, the flowers and berries make lovely wine, pancakes, juices etc.\\ 
 + 
 + 
 +**"Wolff Mischung"** is a special groundcover mixture for under fruittrees. 
 +The mixture consists many nutrients, gives protector for birds, attract bees and misleads verminous (ongedierte).\\ __composition Wolff Mischung:__ \\ 
 +7,5% **Alexandrijnse Klaver** - Egyptian Clover - Trifolium alexandrinum  (L.)\\ 
 +25%** Esparcette** - Holly Clover - Onobrychis viciifolia\\ 
 +7,5% **Inkarnaatklaver** - Italian Clover - Trifolium incarnatum  (L.)\\ 
 +5% **Perzische Klaver** - Reversed Clover - Trifolium resupinatum  (L.)\\ 
 + 2,5% **Rode Klaver** - Red Clover - Trifolium pratense  (L.)\\ 
 +10% **Lucerne Klaver** – Alfalfa - Medicago sativa  (L.)\\ 
 +25% **Wikken** – Vetches - Vicia (L.)\\ 
 +10% **Bijenmengsel** - bee-mixture \\ 
 +7,5% **Kruidenmengsel** – herb-mixture \\
  
-other trees can be cherry, plum, pear, etc etc: 
-more on [[luminous:fruit]] 
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 Climbers can protect the cental elements Climbers can protect the cental elements
  
-  ***Passionflower** - Passiebloem – Passiflora caerulea +  * **Passionflower** - Passiebloem – Passiflora caerulea 
-  ***Bramble** - Braam - Rubus fruticosus  (L.) +  * **Bramble** - Braam - Rubus fruticosus  (L.) 
-  ***Grapevine** - Druif - Vitis vinifera  (L.): goes well with beans, mustard, tansy (boerenwormkruid), tomato and yarrow (duizendblad)) +  * **Grapevine** - Druif - Vitis vinifera  (L.): goes well with beans, mustard, tansy (boerenwormkruid), tomato and yarrow (duizendblad)) 
-  ***Wild Rose** - Wilde Roos: goes well with chives(bieslook), marigold, garlic, horseradish (mierikswortel), lavender, lemonbalm, nasturium (oostindische kers), parsley, parsnip (pastinaak). hybrids and cultivators are less usefull. (available at the Heliant) +  * **Wild Rose** - Wilde Roos: goes well with chives(bieslook), marigold, garlic, horseradish (mierikswortel), lavender, lemonbalm, nasturium (oostindische kers), parsley, parsnip (pastinaak). hybrids and cultivators are less usefull. (available at the Heliant) 
-  ***Kiwi** (not native) +  * **Kiwi** (not native) 
-  ***Hop** - Hop - Humulus lupulus: perennial:  hostplant for the  Peacock butterfly and the  Gehakkelde Aurelia. The young sprouts are edible. (available at the Heliant) +  * **Hop** - Hop - Humulus lupulus: perennial:  hostplant for the  Peacock butterfly and the  Gehakkelde Aurelia. The young sprouts are edible. (available at the Heliant) 
-  ***Honeysuckle** - Wilde kamerfoelie - Lonicera periclymenum  (L.)  +  * **Honeysuckle** - Wilde kamerfoelie - Lonicera periclymenum  (L.)  
-  ***Perenneal Pea** – Lathyrus gladiolus: nitrogen fixer +  * **Perenneal Pea** – Lathyrus gladiolus: nitrogen fixer 
-  ***Jasmin** - Jasmijn – Jasminum officinale  +  * **Jasmin** - Jasmijn – Jasminum officinale  
-  ***Wisteria** – Wisteria floribunda: (not edible – nitrogen fixer). +  * **Wisteria** – Wisteria floribunda: (not edible – nitrogen fixer).\\ 
-.+{{:vines-pr.png|}} 
  
 **annual climbers seeding themselves easily:** **annual climbers seeding themselves easily:**
-  ***Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) +  * **Cucumber** - Komkommer – Cucumis radius: grown as annual (bv Gele Komkommer van vergeten eten) 
-  ***Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of  stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers +  * **Scarlet runner beans** - Pronk bonen – Phaseolus coccineus: Tot dit geslacht behoren o.a. : pronkboon, snijboon, slabonen, stamslaboon of  stambonen, citroenbonen of droge bonen. Actually all beans are good nitrogen fixers 
-  ***Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum majis  +  * **Nasturium** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum majis  
-  ***Pea** - Erw – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer  +  * **Pea** - Erwt – Pisum sativum – nitrogen fixer  
-  ***Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds)+  * **Squash** - Pompoen – Cucurbita spp, grown as annual - (De Bolster has the tasty Hokkaido pompkin (Uchiki Kuri) seeds)
  
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-.+
  
 ======  Shrubs ====== ======  Shrubs ======
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-  ***Rode bes** - vaccinium vitis idaea -  +  * **Rode bes** - vaccinium vitis idaea -  
-  ***Witte bes** +  * **Witte bes** 
-  ***Zwarte bes** +  * **Zwarte bes** 
-  ***raspberry** - Framboos - Rubus idaeus 'Autumn Bliss'  +  * **raspberry** - Framboos - Rubus idaeus 'Autumn Bliss'  
-  ***Gooseberry** – Kruisbes - Ribes -(Hinnonmaki Rod) +  * **Gooseberry** – Kruisbes - Ribes -(Hinnonmaki Rod) 
-  ***Blueberry** - Bosbes - Vaccinium (L.: +  * **Blueberry** - Bosbes - Vaccinium (L.: 
-  ***Brambles** - Braam- - Rubus fruticosus  (L.) +  * **Brambles** - Braam- - Rubus fruticosus  (L.) 
-  ***Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and  egelantier roos -  rosa rubiginosa or  Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, knoflook, lavendel, ui.+  * **Wild Rozes:** like hondsroos -rosa canina and  egelantier roos -  rosa rubiginosa or  Behaarde struweelroos – rosa caesia (good for aginst the wall) in de nazomer trekken de rozebottels vogels aan. Plant ze tussen stevige struiken, waar in kunnen leunen. They aswell provide habitat for wasp: Rozes goes well with : Afrikaantje, knoflook, lavendel, ui.
  
 more see [[luminous:fruit]]: Dutch and Belgium places to find unusual& uncultivated fruits more see [[luminous:fruit]]: Dutch and Belgium places to find unusual& uncultivated fruits
  
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-.+
  
 ====== Green manures or Covercrops / Groenbemesters ====== ====== Green manures or Covercrops / Groenbemesters ======
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 All clovers are great nitrogen fixers, attract beneficial insect, act as a mulch and provide trace minerals. They can be hacked down early in spring and in the mid till late summer: All clovers are great nitrogen fixers, attract beneficial insect, act as a mulch and provide trace minerals. They can be hacked down early in spring and in the mid till late summer:
-  *** Berseem Clover** – Alexandrijnze klaver - Trifolium alexandrinum (L.), (annual) +  * ** Berseem Clover** – Alexandrijnze klaver - Trifolium alexandrinum (L.), (annual) 
-  ***Crimson Clover** - Inkarnaatklaver - Trifolium incarnatum  (L.): vorstgevoelig, best to mix it for instance with Vetch, rogge & Phacelia).  +  * **Crimson Clover** - Inkarnaatklaver - Trifolium incarnatum  (L.): vorstgevoelig, best to mix it for instance with Vetch, rogge & Phacelia).  
-  ***Red Kenland Clover** - Rode klaver - Trifolium pratense – edible and perennial and native (good for crop rotation),  +  * **Red Kenland Clover** - Rode klaver - Trifolium pratense – edible and perennial and native (good for crop rotation),  
-  ***White Dutch Clover** - Witte klaver – Trifolium repens (perennial and native and edible)  (het ras rector is zeer geschikt) +  * **White Dutch Clover** - Witte klaver – Trifolium repens (perennial and native and edible)  (het ras rector is zeer geschikt) 
-  ***Strawberry clover** - Aardbeiklaver – frifolium tragiferum – native and perennia1+  * **Strawberry clover** - Aardbeiklaver – frifolium tragiferum – native and perennia1
  
  
-  ***Blue Lupin** -Blauwe Lupinen  - Lupinus angustifolius  (L.); for heavy grounds   +  * **Blue Lupin** -Blauwe Lupinen  - Lupinus angustifolius  (L.); for heavy grounds   
-  ***Vetch** - Wikke - Vicia – (annual) provide trace minerals, mulch and nitrogen, also usefull for insects, its a  climber best to mix it with for instance: haver of rogge, lupine en phacelia)  +  * **Vetch** - Wikke - Vicia – (annual) provide trace minerals, mulch and nitrogen, also usefull for insects, its a  climber best to mix it with for instance: haver of rogge, lupine en phacelia)  
-  ***Luzerne** -Alfalfa - Medicago sativa -  you can try aswell, they have a long taproot with which they can penetrate deep down in the ground to get  minerals, which otherwise are not accesable for other plants, they love dry, fertile and a calcareous [kalkrijke] grounds - (perennial, edible )  +  * **Luzerne** -Alfalfa - Medicago sativa -  you can try aswell, they have a long taproot with which they can penetrate deep down in the ground to get  minerals, which otherwise are not accesable for other plants, they love dry, fertile and a calcareous [kalkrijke] grounds - (perennial, edible )  
-  ***Fenugreek** - Fenegriek - trigonella foenumgraecum – opens heavy soils (edible) (annual)+  * **Fenugreek** - Fenegriek - trigonella foenumgraecum – opens heavy soils (edible) (annual)
  
  
-[dont use the plants above before or after farming legumes because it amplifys the forming of  moulds.] +[dont use the plants above before or after farming legumes because it increases the formation of moulds.]
  
 If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years. If you mix white clover and the vegetable seeds; it will act as a living mulch, enriching the soil, keeping the ground moist and well aerated and hold back even the strong weeds as bijvoet - Artemisia vulgaris. As with the vegetables, it is important to choose the right time to sow the clover seed. (Late summer or fall sowing is the best, the roots develop during the cold months, giving the clover a jump on the annual spring grasses. Or you can also sow early in spring. Once the clover takes hold, you do not need to sow it again or 5 or 6 years.
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-  ***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.): Annual, have extensive roots that punch through hard subsoil, aerating the earth and adding humus as the roots die, attracts insects +  * **White Mustard** - Gele mosterd – White Mustard -Sinapis alba (L.): Annual, have extensive roots that punch through hard subsoil, aerating the earth and adding humus as the roots die, attracts insects 
-  ***Mustard** – Mosterd - Brassica spp- : (annual)  +  * **Mustard** – Mosterd - Brassica spp- : (annual)  
-  ***Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus  (L.)aswell good groundcover +  * **Green radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus  (L.)aswell good groundcover 
-  ***Radish** - Radijs/Ramenas – Raphanus radius. Radished and daikon grow well in heavy soil; let them flower, and then snap them off at ground level. Each daikon will break up the clay and then rot, leaving quite an amount of organic matter in the soil +  * **Radish** - Radijs/Ramenas – Raphanus radius. Radished and daikon grow well in heavy soil; let them flower, and then snap them off at ground level. Each daikon will break up the clay and then rot, leaving quite an amount of organic matter in the soil 
-  ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera ((DC.) Metzg.) +  * **Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera ((DC.) Metzg.) 
-  ***Knopherik** – Wild radish - Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora)  +  * **Knopherik** – Wild radish - Raphanus raphanistrum or sativius -wilde radijs (heeft Flora)  
-  ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp.  +  * **Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp.  
-  ***Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) +  * **Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) 
-  ***Turnip, Rabe** – Koolzaad/Knolraap/Koolraab – Brassica napus  +  * **Turnip, Rabe** – Koolzaad/Knolraap/Koolraab – Brassica napus  
-  *** Gold of Pea** – Huttentut (of boterzaad) - Camelina sativa (annual - edible heeft Flora)+  * ** Gold of Pea** – Huttentut (of boterzaad) - Camelina sativa (annual - edible heeft Flora)
  
  
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 Quick spreading plants will make a continuous living mulch: everytime you chop them down and leave the residu at its place: it will feed the ground. Quick spreading plants will make a continuous living mulch: everytime you chop them down and leave the residu at its place: it will feed the ground.
-  ***Wild strawberrie ** - Bosaardbei  - Fragaria vesca: aswell good groundcover and good living mulch. +  * **Wild strawberrie ** - Bosaardbei  - Fragaria vesca: aswell good groundcover and good living mulch. 
-  ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, they produce much biomass. (they can be hacked down 5 times a year, provide trace minerals  +  * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp):the leaves are edible, the roots are nutriënt hounds, they produce much biomass. (they can be hacked down 5 times a year, provide trace minerals  
-  ***Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. +  * **Carpet weed** - Zenegroen (kruipend) - Ajuga reptans L. 
-  ***Lungwort** - Longkruid - Pulmonaria is de beste bodembedekker voor vochtige schaduw.  +  * **Lungwort** - Longkruid - Pulmonaria is de beste bodembedekker voor vochtige schaduw.  
-  ***Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf  - Glechoma hederacea/ +  * **Ground Ivy** - Hondsdraf  - Glechoma hederacea/ 
-  ***Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.) +  * **Mints** - Munt - Mentha (L.)
- +
- +
  
 ---- ----
 === Other green manures === === Other green manures ===
-  ***Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – vorstgevoelig- trekt bijen aan – levert zeer goede humus, en is tevens een bodemonstsmetter. +  * **Phacelia** - Phacelia - Phacelia (Juss.); is met geen ander ras verwant daarom heel geschikt – voor alle gronden geschikt – vorstgevoelig- trekt bijen aan – levert zeer goede humus, en is tevens een bodemonstsmetter. 
-  ***Spurreys** - Spurrie  - Spergula (L.); (heeft Flora, voor zanderige grond zaaien van april-augustes goede bodembedekker)  +  * **Spurreys** - Spurrie  - Spergula (L.); (heeft Flora, voor zanderige grond zaaien van april-augustes goede bodembedekker)  
-  ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis  (L.)  - voor zwaardere gronden mooie bloem voor ijsklontjes… +  * **Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie/komkommerkruid - Borago officinalis  (L.)  - voor zwaardere gronden mooie bloem voor ijsklontjes… 
-  ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met  Boekweit  (heeft Flora) -zanderige  grond en bijengewas gaat het beste samen met ander gewas)  +  * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus: goede combi met  Boekweit  (heeft Flora) -zanderige  grond en bijengewas gaat het beste samen met ander gewas)  
-  ***Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: favourite by insects and opens heavy soil, by its long taproot, which seeks out pockers of potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium and other minerals. (perennial, edible) +  * **Chicory** - Wilde Chirochei - Chicorium intimus: favourite by insects and opens heavy soil, by its long taproot, which seeks out pockers of potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium and other minerals. (perennial, edible) 
-  ***Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium +  * **Common Chervil** - Kervel echte - Anthriscus cerefolium
- +
- +
- +
- +
- +
- +
  
 ---- ----
- 
- 
- 
-. 
  
 ====== Nutrient Accumulators ====== ====== Nutrient Accumulators ======
-  ***Yarrow** - Duizendblad - Achillea (L.)  +  * **Yarrow** - Duizendblad - Achillea (L.)  
-  ***Chamomile** - Kamille echte - Matricaria recutita   +  * **Chamomile** - Kamille echte - Matricaria recutita   
-  ***Fennel**  - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig +  * **Fennel**  - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig 
-  ***Chirory** -(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus +  * **Chirory** -(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus 
-  ***Dandelions** Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial)+  * **Dandelions** Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial)
  
   *and many more...   *and many more...
  
-Most of these plants are considered as **weeds**; and they make their living ass pioneer species: tough sundependent, fatgrowing and short lived.These early colonists invade bare or depleted soils. where one of there rolls is to accumulate nutrients in their roots and leaves. Each fall these plants die and rot, pumping a fat load of minerals into the soil. The enriched earth is then ready  for the next successionary phase of less emphemerial, more fastidious plants such as perennial herbs, shrubs and trees.+Most of these plants are considered as **weeds**; and they make their living as pioneer species: tough sundependent, fatgrowing and short lived.These early colonists invade bare or depleted soils. where one of there rolls is to accumulate nutrients in their roots and leaves. Each fall these plants die and rot, pumping a fat load of minerals into the soil. The enriched earth is then ready  for the next successionary phase of less emphemerial, more fastidious plants such as perennial herbs, shrubs and trees.
 succession is the progression from bare earth to short annual weeds to perennials. succession is the progression from bare earth to short annual weeds to perennials.
  
-One can intercrop nutrient accumulaors in between one's crops or cover bare aerth for two years with nutrient acuumulotots before planting fruittrees etc.+One can intercrop nutrient accumulators in between one's crops or 
 +cover bare earth for two years with nutrient accumulotors before 
 +planting fruit trees etc.
  
 ====== Pestcontrollers/under and above the ground ====== ====== Pestcontrollers/under and above the ground ======
    
 Some plants secrete compounds that repel a few specific pests in the soil or above. Examples are Some plants secrete compounds that repel a few specific pests in the soil or above. Examples are
-  ***Tagetes** - Africaantjes: very strong; preferred food for spider mites; function as a sacrificial plant.   (heeft Flora)    +  * **Tagetes** - Africaantjes: very strong; preferred food for spider mites; function as a sacrificial plant.   (heeft Flora)    
-  ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem - Calendula officinalis: preferred food for spider mites; function as a sacrificial plant. +  * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem - Calendula officinalis: preferred food for spider mites; function as a sacrificial plant. 
-  ***Wild marigold** - Tagetes minuta: repels soil nematodes +  * **Wild marigold** - Tagetes minuta: repels soil nematodes 
-  ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): it deters white flies for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber  (Flora) +  * **Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): it deters white flies for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber  (Flora) 
-  ***Elderberry** - Vlier – Sambucus +  * **Elderberry** - Vlier – Sambucus
  
  
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- 
- 
- 
-. 
  
 ====== Roots ====== ====== Roots ======
  
 The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots.  The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. 
-  ***all members of Pea family** / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground.  +  * **all members of Pea family** / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground.  
-  ***All Rootvegetables** are aswell usefull.+  * **All Root vegetables** are also usefull.
  
-when soil is compacted or clayey, plants are excellent tools to restore tilth and fluffiness.+When soil is compacted or clayey, plants are excellent tools to restore tilth and fluffiness.
 Species with deep, soil busting taproots are perfelt for the job. These include: Species with deep, soil busting taproots are perfelt for the job. These include:
-  ***Daikon**- Rettich - Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus +  * **Daikon**- Rettich - Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus 
-  ***Chirory**-(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus +  * **Chirory**-(Wilde Chirochei) - Chicorium intimus 
-  ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp) +  * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - comfries (symphytum spp) 
-  ***Artichoke** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized +  * **Artichoke** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized 
-  ***Dandelion** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial)+  * **Dandelion** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial)
  
 Others don’t have a single taproot but instead thrust a massive, fibrous rootsystem deep into the erath to accomplish the same soil loosening: Others don’t have a single taproot but instead thrust a massive, fibrous rootsystem deep into the erath to accomplish the same soil loosening:
-  ***Mustard** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra +  * **Mustard** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra 
-  ***Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) +  * **Rapeseed** - Rapen – Brassica napus; opens heavy soil (annual) 
-  ***Alfafa** - Luzerne - Medicago (also a good nitrogen fixer)+  * **Alfafa** - Luzerne - Medicago (also a good nitrogen fixer)
  
 You can use these plants either of two strategies; sow them into afuture orchard or garden to work a year of two before the final planting or intercrop them among beds or under trees to continually break up the soil. You can use these plants either of two strategies; sow them into afuture orchard or garden to work a year of two before the final planting or intercrop them among beds or under trees to continually break up the soil.
  
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-.  
  
 ====== Plants attracting insects and birds for pestcontrol ====== ====== Plants attracting insects and birds for pestcontrol ======
- 
  
 //Biodiveristy –is one of the main strategies to prefend pests// //Biodiveristy –is one of the main strategies to prefend pests//
  
-  *Umbelliferea (bv. carrot family, dille, anijs, wortels,) +  * Umbelliferea (bv. carrot family, dille, anijs, wortels,) 
-  *Cruciferea (cabbage family)  +  * Cruciferea (cabbage family)  
-  *Asteracea (Aster-sunflower family)  +  * Asteracea (Aster-sunflower family)  
-  *Umbels -look familie (bv kraal look =zwart) en werken zuiverend +  * Umbels -look familie (bv kraal look =zwart) en werken zuiverend 
-  *Rosacea provide habitat for wasp: who provide predatory pest control.+  * Rosacea provide habitat for wasp: who provide predatory pest control.
  
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-.+
 ====== Pollinators ====== ====== Pollinators ======
  
 === Bee-attractors === === Bee-attractors ===
-Bees are the best pollinators there are... I red somewhere…+Bees are the best pollinators there are... (I read somewhere…)
  
 source: http://www.hofmanap.nl source: http://www.hofmanap.nl
 +
 Mixture especially for bees and other insect. Composed from a very old recepy and still used by bee-keepers. It creates aswell quicly flowerfields    Mixture especially for bees and other insect. Composed from a very old recepy and still used by bee-keepers. It creates aswell quicly flowerfields   
-  ***Buckwheat** -Boekweit – Fagopyrum esculentum: annual; white - pink; 15-60 cm +  * **Buckwheat** -Boekweit – Fagopyrum esculentum: annual; white - pink; 15-60 cm 
-  ***Musterd** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra - (zwarte en inheemse heeft Flora0: annual; yellow; 30-80 cm +  * **Musterd** - Mosterd -Sinapis nigra - (zwarte en inheemse heeft Flora0: annual; yellow; 30-80 cm 
-  ***Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi;  tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm +  * **Caraway** - Karwij echte - Carum cavi;  tweejarig, white; 30-60 cm 
-  ***Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual  +  * **Cornflower** - Korenbloem – Centaurea cyanus; annual  
-  ***Dille** - Dille - Anethum graveolens; annual; yellow, 60-120 cm +  * **Dille** - Dille - Anethum graveolens; annual; yellow, 60-120 cm 
-  ***Borage** - Bernagie  – Borago officinalis; annual; blue; 60-90 cm +  * **Borage** - Bernagie  – Borago officinalis; annual; blue; 60-90 cm 
-  ***Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) +  * **Musk mallow** - Kaasjeskruid -Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) -– Malva moschata (en Malva sylvestris) 
-  ***Poppy** - Klaproos - Papaver +  * **Poppy** - Klaproos - Papaver 
-  ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis +  * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis 
-  ***Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) +  * **Crown Daisies** - Margriet - Chrysanthemum (L.) 
-  ***Redish** - Bladrammenas (radijs)- Raphanus sativus  (L.) +  * **Redish** - Bladrammenas (radijs)- Raphanus sativus  (L.) 
-  ***Phacelia** - Phacelia (Juss.) +  * **Phacelia** - Phacelia (Juss.)
-. +
  
-=== and some more edable bee attractors === +=== and some more edible bee attractors === 
-  ***Goldenrod** - Guldenroede echte - Solidago virgaurea +  * **Goldenrod** - Guldenroede echte - Solidago virgaurea 
-  *** Brambles** - Braam  - Rubus (L.) +  * ** Brambles** - Braam  - Rubus (L.) 
-  ***Appel** +  * **Appel** 
-  ***Paardebloem** - Taraxacum officinale +  * **Paardebloem** - Taraxacum officinale 
-  ***Coriander** -Koriander – Coriandrum sativum; annual, white/pink; 30-50 cm. +  * **Coriander** -Koriander – Coriandrum sativum; annual, white/pink; 30-50 cm. 
-//all sort of clover attract bees and these are edable:// +//all sort of clover attract bees and these are edible:// 
-  ***Red clover** - Rode klaver  - Trifolium pratense +  * **Red clover** - Rode klaver  - Trifolium pratense 
-  *** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: perennial; blue/purple sometimes white; 30-80 cm+  * ** Alfalfa** - Luzerne Klaver - Medicago sativa: perennial; blue/purple sometimes white; 30-80 cm
  
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-=== Butterflyattractors=== +=== Butterfly attractors=== 
-  ***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse - Melissa officinalis: (Flora) +  * **Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse - Melissa officinalis: (Flora) 
-  ***Garden Thyme** - Echte Tijm  -Thymus vulgaris: (Flora) +  * **Garden Thyme** - Echte Tijm  -Thymus vulgaris: (Flora) 
-  ***Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis: (Flora) +  * **Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis: (Flora) 
-  ***Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.):  (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... +  * **Borage (tailworth)** - Berganie - Borago officinalis (L.):  (Flora) nice flowers for icecubes... 
-  ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) +  * **Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers – Tropaeolum (L.) 
-  ***Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) +  * **Rosemary** - Rozemarijn – Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) 
-  ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis +  * **Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis 
-  ***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) +  * **Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare: (Flora) 
-  ***Marjoram?Oregano** - Marjolein (wilde/Oregano -Origanum vulgare +  * **Marjoram/Oregano** - Marjolein (wilde/Oregano -Origanum vulgare 
-  ***White Mustard** - Gele mosterd  -Sinapis alba (L.): aswell for greenmanuring+  * **White Mustard** - Gele mosterd  -Sinapis alba (L.): aswell for greenmanuring
  
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-=== And some more edable  butterfly & bee-plants === +=== And some more edible  butterfly & bee-plants === 
-source: http://home.hetnet.nl/~robjeanet/overzicht_planten.htm: +source: http://home.hetnet.nl/~robjeanet/overzicht_planten.htm  
-  ***Yarrows** - Duizendblad-  - Achillea millefolium, vast, wit of roze, 15-50 cm +  * **Yarrows** - Duizendblad-  - Achillea millefolium, vast, wit of roze, 15-50 cm 
-  ***Anise Hyssop** -Dropplant - Anise Hyssop - Agastache foeniculum: perennial, paars/violetblauw, 60-90 cm +  * **Anise Hyssop** -Dropplant - Anise Hyssop - Agastache foeniculum: perennial, paars/violetblauw, 60-90 cm 
-  ***Carpetweed** - Zenegroen - Ajuga reptans +  * **Carpetweed** - Zenegroen - Ajuga reptans 
-  ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus +  * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus 
-  ***Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid - Echium russicum:  tweejarig, blue, 25-100 cm  +  * **Viper’s-Bugloss** - Slangenkruid - Echium russicum:  tweejarig, blue, 25-100 cm  
-  ***Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart - Lythrum salicaria-  +  * **Purple-loosestrifes** - Kattestaart - Lythrum salicaria-  
-  ***Cat-mints** - Kattekruid  - Nepeta cataria (A) +  * **Cat-mints** - Kattekruid  - Nepeta cataria (A) 
-  ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - Gulden Primula veris (B) +  * **Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem - Gulden Primula veris (B) 
-  ***Burnets** - Pimpernel –  -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor  +  * **Burnets** - Pimpernel –  -Sanguisorbia officinalis en minor  
-  ***Scabiouses** - Duifkruid -  - Chenopodium botrys:  annual, green, 10-50 cm  +  * **Scabiouses** - Duifkruid -  - Chenopodium botrys:  annual, green, 10-50 cm  
-  ***Valerian** - Valeriaan - Valeriana officinalis+  * **Valerian** - Valeriaan - Valeriana officinalis
  
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 In permaculture its the best to have vegetables which: In permaculture its the best to have vegetables which:
-  *are perennials (overblijvend) and/or +  * are perennials (overblijvend) and/or 
-  *seed themselves easily  +  * seed themselves easily  
-  *some deep rooting plants, which will cultivate the underground+  * some deep rooting plants, which will cultivate the underground
  
 Many interesting vegetables are available at http://www.vergeteneten.nl/ or or at Vreeken (voor losse zakjes zaden) https://www.vreeken.nl/ or from Flora http://www.wildebertram.nl/ Many interesting vegetables are available at http://www.vergeteneten.nl/ or or at Vreeken (voor losse zakjes zaden) https://www.vreeken.nl/ or from Flora http://www.wildebertram.nl/
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 === Self seeding Annuals === === Self seeding Annuals ===
-  ***Garden Cress** – Tuinkers - Lepidium sativum +  * **Garden Cress** – Tuinkers - Lepidium sativum 
-  ***Italiaanse Raket** +  * **Italiaanse Raket** 
-  ***Self seeding annual climbers** veg. see:climbers +  * **Self seeding annual climbers** veg. see:climbers 
-  ***Arugula** - Eruca vesicaria subsp. Sativa – Mosterdkruid of Rucola (kruisbloemenfamilie) +  * **Arugula** - Eruca vesicaria subsp. Sativa – Mosterdkruid of Rucola (kruisbloemenfamilie) 
-  ***Chard** - Beta vulgaris – Biet of Snijbiet +  * **Chard** - Beta vulgaris – Biet of Snijbiet 
-  ***Red mustard** -  +  * **Red mustard** -  
-  ***Lettuce** - Lactuca sativa – Echte sla (composieten familie)+  * **Lettuce** - Lactuca sativa – Echte sla (composieten familie)
  
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 A perennial food garden can contain a wide variety of crops, and you can have a very low maintanance. A perennial food garden can contain a wide variety of crops, and you can have a very low maintanance.
 some of them `I still have to research... some of them `I still have to research...
-  ***Asparagus**, aspergus (perennial) +  * **Asparagus**, aspergus (perennial) 
-  ***Chard, Beetroot**  - Biet, Snijbiet  -Beta vulgaris  (L.); (most problably they are self seeding) +  * **Chard, Beetroot**  - Biet, Snijbiet  -Beta vulgaris  (L.); (most problably they are self seeding) 
-  ***Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten most problably they are self seeding) +  * **Wilde Bietjes** en Witte krootjes: (vergeten eten most problably they are self seeding) 
-  ***Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) +  * **Pink Purslane** - Winter Purslane - Postelein (winter: (Flora) 
-  ***Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde)- Spinacia oleracea: (flora) +  * **Spinach** - Spinazie (wilde)- Spinacia oleracea: (flora) 
-  ***Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) +  * **Comfrey** - Smeerwortel - Comfries (symphytum spp) 
-  ***Lovage** - Lavas or Maggiplant - Levisticum officinale; (also used as  veg.) perennial (schermbloemigen familie) +  * **Lovage** - Lavas or Maggiplant - Levisticum officinale; (also used as  veg.) perennial (schermbloemigen familie) 
-  ***Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia  (L.) +  * **Herb Patience** - Spinaziezuring - Rumex patientia  (L.) 
-  ***Rhubarb** - Rabarber - Rheum rhabarbarum(perennial) +  * **Rhubarb** - Rabarber - Rheum rhabarbarum(perennial) 
-  ***Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig  +  * **Fennel** - Venkel - Foeniculum vulgare; tweejarig  
-  ***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) +  * **Winterkers** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) +  * **Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) 
-  ***Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse  - Myrrhis odorataeen: welig groeiende (vaste plant -flora)+  * **Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse  - Myrrhis odorataeen: welig groeiende (vaste plant -flora)
    
  
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 Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost.  Legumes (peulvruchten - bonen) binden stikstof uit de lucht en zijn daardoor ook zeer geschikt als groenbemesters en voor het produceren van plantaardige compost. 
 Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants. Its good to seed all year around legumes. Long beans attrack stinkbugs (wantsen. plant luizen), so also funstion as a sacrificial plants.
-  ***Wintertuinbonen** (vergeten eten) +  * **Wintertuinbonen** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Aguadulce** - Malse peulen - Carouby de Maussane (vergeten eten) +  * **Aguadulce** - Malse peulen - Carouby de Maussane (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Wonderboontjes** Merveille de Paris (vergeten eten) +  * **Wonderboontjes** Merveille de Paris (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Knoebelbuenke** (vergeten eten)  +  * **Knoebelbuenke** (vergeten eten)  
-  ***Boerentenen** (vergeten eten) +  * **Boerentenen** (vergeten eten) 
-  *** Europese Sojabonen** (vergeten eten) +  * ** Europese Sojabonen** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Peulen Corne de Belier** (vergeten eten) +  * **Peulen Corne de Belier** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Paarse Spekbonen** (vergeten eten) +  * **Paarse Spekbonen** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Heilig Boontje**, (vergeten eten)  +  * **Heilig Boontje**, (vergeten eten)  
-  ***De tuinboon** - (Vicia faba) +  * **De tuinboon** - (Vicia faba) 
-  ***sperzie boneen**  +  * **sperzie boneen**  
-  ***snijbonen** +  * **snijbonen** 
-  ***bruine bonen** +  * **bruine bonen** 
-  ***doperwten** +  * **doperwten** 
-  ***groene erwten** +  * **groene erwten** 
-  ***Fava bean** - Tuinboon – Vicia faba (annual) +  * **Fava bean** - Tuinboon – Vicia faba (annual) 
-  ***Pea** - Pisum sativum – Erwt (annual) +  * **Pea** - Pisum sativum – Erwt (annual) 
-  ***Scarlet Running Beans** - Phaseolus coccineus – Pronkboon (vlinderbloemige familie) can they handle our winters..(perennial) +  * **Scarlet Running Beans** - Phaseolus coccineus – Pronkboon (vlinderbloemige familie) can they handle our winters..(perennial) 
-  ***Groundplum Milkvetch** - Hokjes peul - Astragalus Crassicarpus or Astragalus glycyphyllos: native perennial (Flora).(vlinderbloemige familie) +  * **Groundplum Milkvetch** - Hokjes peul - Astragalus Crassicarpus or Astragalus glycyphyllos: native perennial (Flora).(vlinderbloemige familie) 
  
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 Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family /Kruisbloemingen in the same place before seeding or after harvesting  because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind can't be broken down, but will be intensified] Make sure you don't plant other plants from the Cabbage Family /Kruisbloemingen in the same place before seeding or after harvesting  because the moulds which leave the cabbage family behind can't be broken down, but will be intensified]
    
-  ***Green Radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus  (L.)(goede bodembedekker),  +  * **Green Radish** - Bladrammanas (radijs) - Raphanus sativus  (L.)(goede bodembedekker),  
-  ***Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera  ((DC.) Metzg.) +  * **Oil-seed Rape** - Bladkool - Brassica napus subsp. oleifera  ((DC.) Metzg.) 
-  ***Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp.  +  * **Turnip** - Meiraap - Brassica rapa subsp.  
-  ***Winterbroccoli** (vergeten eten) +  * **Winterbroccoli** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Nine star-broccoli** must be picked before it set seeds or it may die but its a perennial +  * **Nine star-broccoli** must be picked before it set seeds or it may die but its a perennial 
-  ***White Sprouting** (vergeten eten) +  * **White Sprouting** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Victoriaanse Kool** (vergeten eten) +  * **Victoriaanse Kool** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Wittekool** (vergeten eten) +  * **Wittekool** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Brunswijker Platte Kortpoot** (vergeten eten) +  * **Brunswijker Platte Kortpoot** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Spruitjes ‘Groninger Stiekema’** (vergeten eten) +  * **Spruitjes ‘Groninger Stiekema’** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Rode Spruitjes** (perennial) +  * **Rode Spruitjes** (perennial) 
-  ***Sea Kale** - Zeekool - Cramble Maratima (vergeten eten)(perennial) (kruisbloemig fam) +  * **Sea Kale** - Zeekool - Cramble Maratima (vergeten eten)(perennial) (kruisbloemig fam) 
-  ***Palmkool** (vergeten eten) +  * **Palmkool** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Slobber- of Smeltkool (Bloemendaalse Gele)**; (vergeten eten) +  * **Slobber- of Smeltkool (Bloemendaalse Gele)**; (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Brassica oleracea** – broccoli – kruisbloemfamielei (perennial)+  * **Brassica oleracea** – broccoli – kruisbloemfamielei (perennial)
    
  
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 === Salads === === Salads ===
-  ***Bataviasla** +  * **Bataviasla** 
-  ***Aardbeispinazie** (Flora) +  * **Aardbeispinazie** (Flora) 
-  ***Italiaanse roodlof** +  * **Italiaanse roodlof** 
-  ***Barbarakruid** (Flora),  +  * **Barbarakruid** (Flora),  
-  ***Bloedrood Bietjesblad** (vergeten eten) +  * **Bloedrood Bietjesblad** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Bruinrode Jaarrondsla** (vergeten eten) +  * **Bruinrode Jaarrondsla** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Romaanse sla**  (vergeten eten) +  * **Romaanse sla**  (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Veldsla** -Cornalad - Valerianella (Mill.){locusta} reseeds itself (Flora)  +  * **Veldsla** -Cornalad - Valerianella (Mill.){locusta} reseeds itself (Flora)  
-  ***Buckler-Leaved Sorrel**, Rumex acetosa, -Rucola, (self- seeding) +  * **Buckler-Leaved Sorrel**, Rumex acetosa, -Rucola, (self- seeding) 
-  ***Rocket** - Turkish  Wild Rocket - Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa  ((Mill.) Thell.) +  * **Rocket** - Turkish  Wild Rocket - Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa  ((Mill.) Thell.) 
-  ***Bonenkruid** - Winter Savory –- Satureja (L.) (flora) +  * **Bonenkruid** - Winter Savory –- Satureja (L.) (flora) 
-  ***Kardoen (distel)** – Cardoon - Cynara cardunculus (Flora)  +  * **Kardoen (distel)** – Cardoon - Cynara cardunculus (Flora)  
-  ***Good-King-Henry** – Brave hendrik - Chenopodium bonus-henricus (perennial) +  * **Good-King-Henry** – Brave hendrik - Chenopodium bonus-henricus (perennial) 
-  ***French Sorrel** -Spaanse zuring-Rumex scutatus  (perennial - Flora) +  * **French Sorrel** -Spaanse zuring-Rumex scutatus  (perennial - Flora) 
-  ***Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - Rumex acetosa (flora) +  * **Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - Rumex acetosa (flora) 
-  ***Veldzuring** -Common & French Sorrel (Flora) (perennial) +  * **Veldzuring** -Common & French Sorrel (Flora) (perennial) 
-  ***Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) +  * **Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) 
-  ***Vijfdelig Kaasjeskruid** - Malva alcea; perennial (flora) +  * **Vijfdelig Kaasjeskruid** - Malva alcea; perennial (flora) 
-  ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) +  * **Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) 
-  ***Myrrhis odorata**  - Tripmadam  - Sedum reflexum (A): perennial (flora)+  * **Myrrhis odorata**  - Tripmadam  - Sedum reflexum (A): perennial (flora)
  
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 Radish and  Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. Radish and  Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year.
 Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late)
-  ***Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) (van vergeten eten) +  * **Zeeuwse Zeempjes** (gele radijs) (van vergeten eten) 
-  ***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** +  * **Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** 
-  ***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** +  * **Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** 
-  ***Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized +  * **Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! - can be perennialized 
-  ***Carrots**: will come by themselves year after year +  * **Carrots**: will come by themselves year after year 
-  ***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) +  * **Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) +  * **Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit/Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais; can be perennialized +  * **Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit/Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais; can be perennialized 
-  ***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) +  * **Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten)  +  * **Knolkervel** (vergeten eten)  
-  ***Pastinaak** (prachtige bloemen), Pastinaca sativa (tweejarig) (Flora) +  * **Pastinaak** (prachtige bloemen), Pastinaca sativa (tweejarig) (Flora) 
-  ***Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) +  * **Schorseneer** (Morgenster geel) | Tragopogon pratensis -tweejarig........(Flora) 
-  ***Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel,  - once planted they will come up in the same place every year and never be overgrown by weeds, just leave a few in the ground when you harvest. +  * **Peen** - daucus carota (Flora) tweejarig 
-  ***Milaanse raapjes** (witte roodkop) (vergeten eten +  * **Sweet potato** - Zoete aardappel,  - once planted they will come up in the same place every year and never be overgrown by weeds, just leave a few in the ground when you harvest. 
-  ***Raapjes Teltower** (vergeten eten) +  * **Milaanse raapjes** (witte roodkop) (vergeten eten 
-  ***Witte raapjes** (vergeten eten) +  * **Raapjes Teltower** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Friese Knossen** (koolraap) (vergeten eten) +  * **Witte raapjes** (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - taste delicious) +  * **Friese Knossen** (koolraap) (vergeten eten) 
-  ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus;  can be perennialized +  * **Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - taste delicious) 
-  ***Horseradish** - Mierikswortel - Armoracia rusticana+  * **Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus;  can be perennialized 
 +  * **Horseradish** - Mierikswortel - Armoracia rusticana
  
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 Leeks for instance can be perennialized: ifset flowers, many small bulblets will form at the base. If you pull only the main stem and bulb, the bulblets can grow the following season. Leeks for instance can be perennialized: ifset flowers, many small bulblets will form at the base. If you pull only the main stem and bulb, the bulblets can grow the following season.
  
-  ***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui  -  Allium fistulosum ........Flora +  * **Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui  -  Allium fistulosum ........Flora 
-  ***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) +  * **Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) 
-  ***Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin)- Allium cepa 'Proliferum': set shallotlike bulbs above the ground on stems +  * **Egyptian Onion** - Boomuien (Egyptische ajuin)- Allium cepa 'Proliferum': set shallotlike bulbs above the ground on stems 
-  ***Daslook ‘Ramsons’**  +  * **Daslook ‘Ramsons’**  
-  ***Garlic**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized +  * **Garlic**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized 
-  ***Shalots**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized+  * **Shalots**; By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized
  
  
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 . .
  
-====== Edable flowers ======+====== Edible flowers ======
  
 Some specific flowers I would like to add to the garden underneath some personnal choices: Some specific flowers I would like to add to the garden underneath some personnal choices:
-  ***Balloon Flower** - Ballonklokje - Platycodon grandiflorus: just because its a nice flower (Flora) +  * **Balloon Flower** - Ballonklokje - Platycodon grandiflorus: just because its a nice flower (Flora) 
-  ***Common Valerian** - Valeriaan -  Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis- (Flora) +  * **Common Valerian** - Valeriaan -  Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis- (Flora) 
-  ***Bergamot** - Bergamot - Monarda didyma +  * **Bergamot** - Bergamot - Monarda didyma 
-  ***Angelica** - Engelwortel -  - Angelica sylvestris -kan in lichte schaduw en zandgrond- prachtige lichrgroene bereklauwachtige plant 90- 180 cm ..(Flora) –recommended! +  * **Angelica** - Engelwortel -  - Angelica sylvestris -kan in lichte schaduw en zandgrond- prachtige lichrgroene bereklauwachtige plant 90- 180 cm ..(Flora) –recommended! 
-  ***Blessed Thistle** -Gezegende distel - Cnicus benedictus (gele kern) +  * **Blessed Thistle** -Gezegende distel - Cnicus benedictus (gele kern) 
-  ***3 Urenbloem** +  * **3 Urenbloem** 
-  ***Wild Basil** - Borstelkrans -Satureja vulgaris (A) +  * **Wild Basil** - Borstelkrans -Satureja vulgaris (A) 
-  ***IJsbloem** +  * **IJsbloem** 
-  ***Speedwells** - Ereprijs - Veronica officials: has nice flowers+  * **Speedwells** - Ereprijs - Veronica officials: has nice flowers
  
  
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 source: www.permacultuurnederland.org/planten.php  www.self-willed-land.org.uk/permaculture/plant_guilds.htm, all seeds avialable at Flora: www.wildebertram.nl source: www.permacultuurnederland.org/planten.php  www.self-willed-land.org.uk/permaculture/plant_guilds.htm, all seeds avialable at Flora: www.wildebertram.nl
  
-  ***Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - (perennial) +  * **Chives** -Bieslook (gewone en Chinese) -Allium schoenoprasum - (perennial) 
-  ***Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare:perennial, geplant tussen  rijen wortelen in de groentetuin helpt hij tegen de wortelvlieg. +  * **Tansy** - Boerenwormkruid - Tanacetum vulgare:perennial, geplant tussen  rijen wortelen in de groentetuin helpt hij tegen de wortelvlieg. 
-  ***Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei -  - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker +  * **Wild Strawberrie** - Bosaardbei -  - Fragaria vesca - bodembedekker 
-  ***Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: vlinderpant +  * **Lemonbalm** - Citroenmelisse – Melissa officinalis: vlinderpant 
-  ***Yarrows** - Duizendblad –  - Achillea millefolium: perennial +  * **Yarrows** - Duizendblad –  - Achillea millefolium: perennial 
-  ***Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: Tweejarige or perennial, N: Kruisbloemenfamilie, E: Cabbage Family +  * **Scurvygrasses** - Echt lepelblad - Cochlearia officinalis: Tweejarige or perennial, N: Kruisbloemenfamilie, E: Cabbage Family 
-  ***Garden Thyme** - Echte tijm - -Thymus vulgaris +  * **Garden Thyme** - Echte tijm - -Thymus vulgaris 
-  ***Agrimony** - Agrimonie gewone - Agrimonia eupatoria +  * **Agrimony** - Agrimonie gewone - Agrimonia eupatoria 
-  ***Goats Rue** - Galega - Galega officinalis +  * **Goats Rue** - Galega - Galega officinalis 
-  ***Shirley Poppy** - Gewone klaproos -Papaver rhoeas +  * **Shirley Poppy** - Gewone klaproos -Papaver rhoeas 
-  ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis +  * **Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis 
-  ***Marsh-Mallow** - Heemst echte  - Althea officinalis (A) N: Heemst, E: Marsh-mallows, +  * **Marsh-Mallow** - Heemst echte  - Althea officinalis (A) N: Heemst, E: Marsh-mallows, 
-  ***Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis +  * **Hyssop** – Hyssop - Hyssopus Officinalis 
-  ***Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa +  * **Figwort** - Knopig Helmkruid - Scrophularia nodosa 
-  ***Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium +  * **Feverfew** - Moederkruid - Tanacetum parthenium 
-  ***Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra  +  * **Mosterd Zwarte** - Sinapis nigra  
-  ***Mosterd Inheems** +  * **Mosterd Inheems** 
-  ***Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia +  * **Lavendel** – Lavenders - Lavendula angustifolia 
-  ***Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata +  * **Garlic Mustard** - Look-zonder-look - Alliaria petiolata 
-  ***Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare +  * **Ox-Eye Daisy** - Margriet Gewone - -Leucanthemum vulgare 
-  ***Milk Thistle**  - Mariadistel - Silybum marianum +  * **Milk Thistle**  - Mariadistel - Silybum marianum 
-  ***Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare (perennial) +  * **Marjoram** - Marjolein - Origanum vulgare (perennial) 
-  ***Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea  - Filipendula ulmaria +  * **Meadowsweet** - Moerasspirea  - Filipendula ulmaria 
-  ***Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper  -Sedum acre +  * **Biting Stonecrop** - Muurpeper  -Sedum acre 
-  ***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens:  ....Flora heeft aleen Italiaanse ossentong (Anchusa azura) of gewone ossentong (Anchusa officials)P +  * **Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens:  ....Flora heeft aleen Italiaanse ossentong (Anchusa azura) of gewone ossentong (Anchusa officials)P 
-  ***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) +  * **Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) 
-  ***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch)  +  * **Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch)  
-  *** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial +  * ** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial 
-  ***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: very good to cultivate the underground and can grow in the shadow +  * **(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: very good to cultivate the underground and can grow in the shadow 
-  ***Camomile** - Kamille echte –  - Matricaria recutita +  * **Camomile** - Kamille echte –  - Matricaria recutita 
-  ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis (perennial) +  * **Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis (perennial) 
-  ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial +  * **Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial 
-  ***Stinkende Gouwe** - Swallow Worth - Chelidonium majus +  * **Stinkende Gouwe** - Swallow Worth - Chelidonium majus 
-  ***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum +  * **Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum 
-  ***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis +  * **Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis 
-  ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus +  * **Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus 
-  ***Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum +  * **Zwartmoeskervel** - Smyrnium olusatrum 
-  ***Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials +  * **Soapwort** - Zeepkruid - Saponaria officials 
-  ***Oregano/Wilde Marjoram** - Wilde Marjolein/Oregano - Origanum vulgareperennila (flora)+  * **Oregano/Wilde Marjoram** - Wilde Marjolein/Oregano - Origanum vulgareperennila (flora)
  
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   * Flora Meydam: specialist in native dutch edible plants www.wildebertram.nl   * Flora Meydam: specialist in native dutch edible plants www.wildebertram.nl
   *[[gurukula botanical sanctuary]]: nurserie for endangered plantspecies and biodiveristy in India.   *[[gurukula botanical sanctuary]]: nurserie for endangered plantspecies and biodiveristy in India.
 +  * [[Jeruzalemgarden]]
 +
      
  
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